【摘要】 胡是匈奴的专称 ,但匈奴帝国部族构成复杂 ,为示区别 ,把匈奴单于部族之外的别部称作“杂胡”。故魏晋时所谓“杂胡” ,其本义是指匈奴帝国解体后 ,曾经与匈奴部族有过政治统属或血缘关系的有关部族。“杂胡”是指其种类繁多而言 ,并非指其小弱。至唐代 ,匈奴杂胡均已消失 ,惟西域昭武九姓胡依然保留有种类繁多的特征 ,故在隋唐以后昭武九姓逐渐独擅杂胡之称。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hu was the special appellation for the Xiongnu (the Hun), however, the Xiongnu empire was composed of various tribes complicatedly, in order to distinguish the different tribes, those that did not directly under the rule of Chanyu (the chief of Xiongnu ) were called “Zahu "(“various Hus"). Therefore, the original meaning of the so-called Zahu in the period of the Wei and Jin Dynasties were the appellation for tribes which had political or blood relationships to the Xiongnu after the Xiongnu ’s disintegration. “Zahu " meant that there were various Hu tribes, and did not mean they were small and weak. By the Tang Dynasty various Hus of the Xiongnu all disappeared already but the Hus of the Nine Surnames in Zhaowu in the Xiyu (the Western Regions) still preserved Zahu ’s mixed characteristics. So, Zahu became the special appellation only for the Hus of the Nine Surnames in Zhaowu after the Sui and Tang Dynasties.更多还原