【摘要】 巴尔加斯·略萨“生存意识”的产生有多方面原因：首先是拉美文学“干预现实与政治”的传统影响。这使巴尔加斯·略萨认识到作家应通过文学作品对现实加以描绘和谴责，唤起人们变革现实的勇气和希望。因而他自觉地秉承了作家对社会的道义责任，试图引起大家对人们生存状况的关注；其次是深层无意识动机的激活。巴尔加斯·略萨和母亲曾被在家中表现如同暴君一般的父亲遗弃。他的弑父欲望一直潜伏在无意识深处。后来他对人民生存的现实不满使一直深藏在心中的弑父情结在无意识中被激活，并有了合乎社会道德规范的释放途径；最后是西方人本主义思潮的熏陶。巴尔加斯·略萨对西方各种流派的人本主义耳濡目染。他在汲取精华的基础上，找到了个体的位置。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are many causes of the development of Mario Vargas Llosa’s "survival consciousness." Three aspects have been analyzed: 1) The influence of the Latin American literary tradition- "intervening in reality and politics." This enabled him to realize that a writer should depict in his works the world as it is and condemn it so as to evoke people’s courage and hope to change it. So he consciously took the writer’s responsibility to help shape society in the attempt of calling for the attention to the miserable living state of the people. 2) The activation of deep unconscious motivation. ms motivation to kill his father lying deep in his unconsciousness The patricidal desire originated in his experience of being deserted with his mother by his father who had acted like a tyrant in the home. It remained latent deep in his unconsciousness until it was activated later unconsciously by his dissatisfaction with people’s living state and found its way to be released in accordance with social morality and criteria. 3) The influence of humanistic ideas prevailing in the western world. Mario Vargas Llosa was much influenced by humanistic ideas of a variety of schools. He absorbed their essence and found his position as an individual, which caused the formation and development of his "survival consciousness更多还原