【摘要】 现有的某些小说史并不是真正的小说史，因为它们没有抓住小说的特殊性。小说史的逻辑起点在于对小说特性的科学把握。小说的特殊性不能仅仅归结为人物、情节、环境这三要素，而在于其文体。小说文体既是特殊的表达方式，也是一种特殊的文化存在方式。小说文体研究的方法包括纵横两方面的内容，纵的指小说特有的多种叙述者类型、聚焦方式、转述语、结构、言语特征等，横的则指这些文体因素在某个时期的聚合，如类型、流派。更多还原

【Abstract】 The author maintains that the prevalent literary histories concerning fiction are not, in its actual sense, real studies of the history of fiction, because they have not gone deep into the very essence and peculiarity of fiction. The peculiarity of fiction is not, as is understood to be by many, only composed of characterization, plotting and setting. It is basically a matter of style, which is, exists as it is, a way of cultural being as well as a way of expression. The study of fiction style concerns itself with the horizontal and the vertical aspects of literature, the vertical being the narrator, perspective, structure, language etc while the horizontal being genre and literary schools or movement.更多还原