【摘要】 研制了一种轴流泵和一种离心泵。讨论了叶轮泵的搏动流。搏动流对于减少血液周身循环阻力具有重要意义，但利用叶轮泵产生搏动流将会导致血液破坏。搏动流叶轮血泵需要解决的问题是如何产生低扰动的搏动流。对于搏动流轴流泵，将泵的入口和叶轮外形轮廓设计成锥形，当叶轮以恒定的转速旋转时，搏动流轴流泵产生的搏动流可预期是低扰动的。对于搏动流离心泵，其搏动流的产生通过周期性的改变叶轮转速来实现，同时，设计出扭曲形叶片的叶轮，使血流的速度在叶轮周期性改变转这时只改变方向，而大小不变。通过这种方法，也可以产生搏动流，而且可将紊流减至最小。与搏动流轴流泵相比，搏动流离心泵只需要一个驱动部件，实用性更强。搏动流离心泵已成功试用于存活期达数月的小公牛血液辅助循环试验，没有发现明显的血液成分破坏和器官功能损坏。搏动流离心泵用作心功能恢复期间的循环辅助装置是最合适的，因为其不仅能像隔膜泵那样产生搏动流，减少了血液周身循环阻力，而且能像非搏动流旋转泵那样不发生倒流，从而增加了主动脉舒张压及自然心脏的冠状动脉灌注。更多还原

【Abstract】 A pulsatile axial pump and a pulsatile centrifugal pump are developed. The pulsatile flow of impeller pump is discussed. In the pulsatile axial pump, the impeller reciprocates axially and rotates simultaneously. The reciprocation is driven by a pneumatic device and the rotation by a DC motor. FOr 5.3 kPa pulsatility of pressure, about 50 mm axial reciprocatiDg amplitude of the impeller is desirable. In order to reduce the axial amplitude, the pump inlet and the impeller both have cone -shaped heads, and the gap between the impeller and the inlet pipe changes only 2 mm, namely, the impeller reciprocates 2 mm, a pressure pulsatility of 5.3 kPa can be produced. As the impeller rotates with constant speed, low turbulence in axial pthsatile pump may be expected. In centrifugal pulsatile PumP, the impeller changes its rotating speed periodically; the turbulence is reduced by designing an impeller with twisted vanes which enable the blood flow to change its direction rather than its magnitude during the periodic change of the rotating speed. In this way, a pulsatile flow is prepuced and the turbulence has been minimized. Compared to the axial pulsatile pump, the centrifugal pulsatile pump needs only one driver and thus has more reality for application. The centrifugal pulsatile pump is used in animal experiments. The pump assisted the circulation of the calves for several months without harm to the blood elements and the organ functions of the experimental animal. The experimentS demonstrated furthermore that the pulsatile impeller pump is the most efficient assist pump for heart recovery.更多还原