【摘要】 减轻农民负担是一个老大难问题。这个问题只有标本兼治,从制度改革着手才能根本解决。农村税费制度改革是减轻农民负担的重要措施,它从制度上理顺了国家与农民的利益分配关系。但在实施中遇到了资金短缺问题,这要求国家财政对农村的发展给予更大的支持。乡镇政府机构和人事制度改革是从根本上减轻农民负担的重要环节。精简机构、减少财政供养人员才能减少支出;转变政府职能,变管理型为服务型才能发展农业生产,增加农民收入,真正减轻农民负担。改革政治体制,建立健全农村基层民主制度,有效监督基层政权机关的运作。可逐步探讨建立保护农民合法权益的农民自治组织,这是减轻农民负担的保证。更多还原

【Abstract】 How to lighten the burden on peasants is an old difficult problem. This problem can be solved only if a disease is treated by looking into both its root cause and symptoms. Li another word, institutions should be reformed. The reformation in the system of taxes and dues in rural area is an important measure to lighten the burden on peasants which straightens out the relationship of interest allocation between government and peasants from the perspective of institution, But during the cause of implementing, the shortage of funds is encountered which necessitates the support of governmental finance. The reformation of the organizational structures and of the personal system in rural area is a key link.To reduce expenditure, the administrative sructure should be simplified.To develop agriculture , add the income of peasants and lighten the burden of peasants, governmental function should be changed from administration into service. In addition, it is necessary to reform political system, perfect democratic system and supervise the operation of rural government effectively. It is feasible to explore the establishment of organization of self-government step by step which can protect peasants’ legal rights and interests. This can guarantee lightening the burden of peasants.更多还原