【摘要】 目的 用脑磁共振成像 (MRI)三维测量法研究阿尔茨海默病患者的脑形态结构变化特点。方法 研究对象分为两组即阿尔茨海默病病人 (AD组 )和认知功能正常的老年人 (对照组， NC组 )。脑三维测量使用 MRI组织分割和体积测量分析技术。结果 AD组 23例，简明智力状态检查 (MMSE)的平均总分为 18. 9± 4. 7分，韦氏记忆测验的记忆商 (MQ)为 44. 2± 14. 4分； NC组 29例， MMSE平均总分和 MQ分别为 28. 4± 1. 7分和 96. 5± 10. 0分。 MRI三维测量结果显示，两组间脑灰质体积、左右海马体积、所有脑室体积、脑室外脑脊液和总脑脊液体积分别有显著或极显著性差异。 AD组的灰质体积平均比 NC缩小了 12. 6％，左右海马体积分别缩小了 23. 8％和 22. 7％。大脑结构的改变与认知功能显著相关。多元逐步判别分析显示脑灰质百分比具有显著性判别意义，两组判别总正确率为 76. 9％。结论 脑 MRI三维测量能定量化地了解 AD的脑部形态结构的改变，灰质体积和左右海马体积缩小，脑室体积扩大可作为 AD诊断和评价病情进展的辅助指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To assess brain structural changes in patients with alzheimer disease using 3- dimentional magnetic resonance images.Methods:Subjects were divided into two groups,the patients with alzheimer disease(AD)and normal controls(NC).A computerized volumetry and tissue- segmentation program was used to quantify volumes of hippocampal formation(HF),gray matter(GM),white matter(WM),ventricular and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF).Results:23 mild to moderate patients with AD and 29 NC were recruited.The mean total scores of the mini- mental status examination(MMSE)were 18. 9± 4. 7 for AD group and 28. 4± 1. 7 for NC group and the mean total scores of the memory quotients(MQ)were 44. 2± 14. 4 for AD and 96. 5± 10. 0 for NC.Compared with the control subjects,the patients with AD showed significantly decreased total GM volume(p<0. 01),HF vloume(p<0. 01),and GM fraction(p<0. 01),and increased ventricular and CSF fraction(0. 01).The GM,left HF and right HF volume decreased by 12. 6％ ,23. 8％ and 22. 7％ respectively.These structural changes significantly correlated to cognitive function changes.A linear discriminant function was obtained with stepwise discriminant analysis and variables of GM fraction entered the function(p<0. 01)with a discriminative accuracy of 76. 9％ .Conclusion:3- dimentional magnetic resonance image technique can accurately quantify the brain structural changes of Alzheimer disease.Decreased GM and HF volumes and increased ventricular volumes can be used as a diagnostic,even early detection mark,and are helpful in assessing the progress of the disease.更多还原