【摘要】 本文设计了一种以阴离子表面活性剂十四烷基硫酸钠 (STS)与阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 (CTAB)缔合为关键步骤的新型液膜振荡器。其基本配方为 :5 0mmol·dm- 3CTAB(aq) + 1 5mol·dm- 3 乙醇 2 0mmol·dm- 3STS(硝基苯 ) 0 5mol·dm- 3NaCl(aq) ,(简示W1 O W2 )。采用分别置于界面附近两不同水相中的一对相同铂电极进行监测 ,并通过组分替换、浓度变化、辅助实验、实验装置比较等方法进行了机理研究 ,通过对以往液膜振荡器机理的评价 ,导出了一个适于此新型振荡器的数学模型。新型振荡器与以往的差别主要在于 ,阴、阳两种离子型表面活性剂缔合后难于离解 ,须携带部分溶剂液体形成乳液来进行迁移 ,并产生可随两种表面活性剂浓度比变化的两类不同的液膜振荡更多还原

【Abstract】 A New type of liquid membrane oscillator had been designed with anionic surfactant sodium tetradecane sulfate (STS) and cationic surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as key substances. The fundamental composition of the oscillator is 5 0 mmol·dm -3 CTAB+1 5mol·dm -3 ethanol(aq)/2 0mmol·dm -3 STS (nitrobenzene)/0 5mol·dm -3 NaCl(aq). A pair of Pt electrodes were used to monitor the change of electric potential near the interface between the two phases of water and nitrobenzene. Many new special phenomena were found, such as adjustable oscillations in two directions and formation of emulsion. The mechanism and influence factors were studied by the substitution of every component, changing concentration, the comparison between experimental results from different apparatus, as well as auxiliary experiments. It was found from experiments that the formation of emulsion is a necessary condition for the oscillation producing because the ion pair of STS and CTAB can not associate. A new mechanism model was given after reviewing preceding theories of liquid membrane oscillator.更多还原