【摘要】 目的 :研究河南人口常见恶性肿瘤死亡率及其流行特征。方法 :收集河南省 1974～ 1976年全人口死亡回顾调查资料和 1983～ 1999年 1/ 10人口 ( 15市县 )居民死亡登记报告资料 ,按《中国恶性肿瘤登记报告试行规范》的统计方法 ,分析常见恶性肿瘤死亡率及动态特征并对未来趋势进行预测。结果 :近 2 6年来 ,河南居民总癌死亡率变化不大 ,而食管癌则呈下降趋势 ,胃癌相对稳定 ,肝癌、肺癌上升明显 ,子宫颈癌下降很快。结论 :建立以人群为基础的癌症登记报告系统 ,对于了解和掌握恶性肿瘤流行动态及其进行肿瘤控制是非常必要的更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To extimate Henan’s cancer mortality rates and to compare trends in mortality of all kinds of cancers between 1974 and 1999,identifying when changes occur as well as the magnitude of the changes,can provide additional information.Methods: We collected cancer mortality data from 1974～1999,according to 《China malignancy cancer register and report trial standard》,The mortality trends of selected cancer were studied.Information on patients with cancer death were provided by the county city registries,which consist of the rural doctors and the local hospital doctors.Information was requested on demographic factors such as place of residence,age,sex,date of birth,and primary site of cancer,as well as the different diagnostic methods used,such as radiology,cytology,and histology.Population data were provided by the public safety bureau concemed,consisting of the total population and the age sex structure at the end of each year in each locality studied.All the cancer deaths registered were classified according to the three digit rubric of the ICD 9.The direct standardization method was used to calculate the various 5 year age groups up to 80 years of age and older.Cancer mortality trends from 1974 to 1999 were determined for more than 9 anatomic sites for males and females using weighted piecewise linear regression analysis.Results: In annual age adjusted rates for all cancers was 96.57 per 100 000 for males and 64/51 per 100 000 for females in 1974～1976,and 121.47 per 100 000 and 76.91 per 100 000 in 1986 1988,and 108.65 per 100 000 and 67.15 per 100 000 in 1996-1998 respectively (table 1).According for 13.12% for males and 10.71% for females in 1974-1976,and 19.78% and 15.82% in 1986-1988,and 22.37% and 17.25% in 1996-1998,respectively,of all causes of death.The data thus obtained show that cancer of the esophagus,stomach,liver and lung in both sexes and cervical cancer in females are the leading cause of all cancer deaths.During the period of 1974 to 1999,marked changes have taken place in the Henan Province in cancer mortality rates of certain sites.Such as esophageal and cervix carcinoma shows a marked declines;Oesophageal cancer mortality rates decreased over the period studied for males from approximately 43.55 per 100 000 in 1974-1976 to 26.47 in 1996-1998,and for females,from approximately 22 per 100 000 in 1974-1976 to 16 in per100 000 1996-1998.Mortality rates for cervix cancer decreased during the period studied,from approximately 10.78 per 100 000 in 1974-1976 to 3.18 per 100 000 in 1996-1998.Stomach cancer mortality rates did not change substantially during the period studied.Liver cancer mortality rates for males have increased clearly over the last two decades,from 11.39 per 100 000 in 1974-1976 to 20.79 per 100 000 in 1996-1998,for females,from 5.12 per 100 000 in 1974-1976 to 10.08 per 100 000 in 1996-1998.Lung cancer mortality rates for males nearly three times over the period studied,from 5.96 per 100 000 in 1974-1976 to approximately 17 per 100 000 in 1996-1998,for females,from 2.52 per 100 000 in 1974-1976 to 7.78 per 100 000 in 1996-1998.Total cancer mortality rates declined recently,but not significantly.Cancers of the esophagus,stomach,liver,and lung account for over 85 percent of all cancer deaths in men in the Henan province,and the leading cancers of women include as men’s above mentioned,with in addition,cervical cancer,breast cancer making up 84%.In general in Henan,men have higher mortality rates than women,and rural area have higher mortality rates than urban area,excepting the lung cancer.In discussions of temporal variation,the patterns presented are descriptive in nature.Secular trend on esophageal cancer,and lung cancer for both sexes in 1974-2010,and on cervix cancer for female in 1974-2006 with regression were used for spatial analysis.Conclusion: The role of the population based cancer registry is to collect the data which will give and accurate picture of cancer in a population,in order to understand and so control the impact of cancer in that population.The ca更多还原