【摘要】 长期以来，公用企业被认为自然垄断行业，为反垄断法的适用除外。为了防止公用企业滥用市场支配力，国家对公用企业实行严格的政府管制。政府管制的实质是国家干预经济，以弥补市场调节的不足。但管制并不能代替市场竞争，管制只是模拟市场竞争的结果而非过程。要解决我国公用企业存在的诸多弊病，必须放松政府管制，引入竞争机制。具体而言，有以下四种途径：１．投资渠道的多元化，对公用企业进行公司制改造；２．政企分开；３．区分垄断性环节与非垄断性环节，对公用企业实行垂直分割；４．及早出台反垄断法，确立公用企业的竞争规则。更多还原

【Abstract】 Public enterprises used to be regarded as natural monopoly and as an exception to the anti - monopoly law. In order to prevent the public enterprises from abusing their market power, the policy of serious government regulation has been carried out. The essence of government regulation is state intervention to make up for market failure. But government regulation can not replace market competition for it only simulates the results rather than the process of market competition. To solve the problems of public enterprises, the policy of deregulation and the introduction of competition system should be carried out. Speifically, four measures should be taken: 1. Diversify the investment channels and transform the public enterprises into company limited shares; 2. Exclude the govern- ment from the management of public enterprises; 3. Distinguish monopoly links and non - monopoly links; 4. Set up the competitive rules of public enterprises by passing the anti - monopoly law.更多还原