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从世界苹果、梨生产及发展趋势与国际贸易看我国苹果、梨产业存在的问题

On the Problems of Apple and Pear Industries in China by Reviewing the World Apple and Pear Production,Developing Trends and Marketing

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【作者】 王宇霖

【Author】 Wang Yulin Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,CAAS, Zhengzhou, Henan 450009 

【机构】 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所!河南郑州 450009

【摘要】 苹果和梨是世界上许多国家落叶果树中的两大重要树种, 其产量增长很快。1997~1999年世界苹果年均产量达5 728.5万t,较10年前的4 010.7万t增长了42.8%;梨年均产量达1 483万t, 较10年前的952.9万t增长了55.6%。我国苹果和梨自20世纪80年代后期以来得到了巨大发展,目前苹果产量已占世界苹果总产量的35%1999,梨占48%1999,可谓世界上苹果和梨生产大国。从世界苹果和梨的生产现状与发展趋势以及贸易情况探讨了我国在苹果和梨产业上存在的单产低、质量差、品种结构不合理、生产体制不适应、出口少以及优质商品生产基地不足等问题,并提出了改进的意见。

【Abstract】 Based on FAO statistics and the literature published in the world in recent years, the world apple and pear production,marketing and developing trends are comprehensively reviewed. The problems of apple and pear industries in China, including low unit area production, low quality, unreasonable cultivar structure, uncompatible producing system, enhencing export and establishing high quality commercial production bases are discussed. For apple production it is suggested, the grown area of Starkrimson cultivar must be reduced, which should be replaced by Huashuai cultivar; besides Red Fuji apple cultivar, some of the new cultivars bred in China, such as Huaguan, Hangfu, Xinshuai and Huahong should be extensively planted. For pear production some new cultivars, particularly the high quality red-skinned cultivars should be valued as the most important ones to be planted.

【关键词】 苹果产量质量出口进口发展趋势
【Key words】 ApplePearOutputQualityImportExportDevelopment trends
  • 【文献出处】 果树学报 ,Journal of Fruit Science , 编辑部邮箱 ,2001年03期
  • 【分类号】F326
  • 【被引频次】141
  • 【下载频次】1001
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