【摘要】 通过连续３ａ的观测得出：辽东山区林下牧草90％以上种类为多年生宿根植物．有着比较牢固的营养生态位。生产能力、物种多样性等指标由于受上层林冠的控制常处于一种动态的变化之中。由于各类型林分下牧草种类不同。其生物可利用能含量亦呈不同状态。总体趋势为阔叶林下＞针叶林下＞林间旷地。每３．８７ ｈｍ~2林地内一个标准牛单位连续 ３ ａ牧压下．单位面积（ ｍ~2）．牧草生物产量及平均高度测定指标均呈下降趋势．表现最为明显的是每平方米牧草生物产量。呈放牧第一年快速下降（５０％），第二、第三年后趋于平缓。而牧草物种多样性、均匀度却呈增加或不规律。３ａ的观测结果表明：林下放牧并未引起上层林分蓄积增长量减少（２．０ｍ高度以下林分除外）．混牧后其直接经济效益产出约为原效益的２倍。更多还原

【Abstract】 The result continuously observing and surveying for three years indicated that more than 90 percent of grass in Liaoning eastern mountainous area was Perennial plants of root whose niche was strong. The productivity and variety of species often changed because of upper trees controlling. The quantity of plants tend to broad- leaf > needle > wilderness in forest because of different grass species in every type forest. In the condition of continuously: grazing for three years, output and average height of grass tend to decrease. The reduction of output of grass was the most obvious. It reduced quickly in the first year(50%). and the next and the third year reduced slowly. However, variety and balance of grass manifest an increasing or irregular tendency. The results showed that it did not reduce upper forest reserve that grazing in the forest (not include forest less than 2. 0 meter height). the economic efficiency was double after grazing.更多还原