【摘要】 目的 :纵向研究地震后创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD)的发病率及其特点。方法 :研究对象随机选自距震中不同距离的两个村 ,分别有 1 81人和 1 5 7人在震后 3个月、9个月时接受调查 ,并以DSM -IV对PTSD进行诊断 ,同时测查了WHO -QOL和SCL - 90的三个分量表。结果 :初始暴露程度较高而受灾后支持较好的群体PTSD发病率低 ,震后 9月 ,两村PTSD发病率分别为 1 9 8%和 30 3% ,就总体而言 ,震后 9月PTSD发病率为 2 4 4%。结论 :中国灾后PTSD发病率及持续时间与在其它地区研究的结果一致 ,及时、实际、有效的灾后干预能够减缓创伤性经历的不良心理影响 ,降低PTSD的发生率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: Longitudinally describe the rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in two groups with different exposure to an earthquake attacking North China. Method: The subjects were sampled randomly from two villages at different distances from epicenter. 181 and 157 subjects were assessed at 3 months and 9 months after the earthquake, respectively for PTSD with the DSM-IV criteria. WHO QOL-BREF and three subscales of Symptoms Checklist were also administered at both assessment points. Results: The higher initial exposure coupled with increased support resulted in lower PTSD than lower exposure with less support. DSM-IV PTSD onset rates within 9 months for the two groups were 19.8% and 30.3% respectively. As a whole, the earthquake related PTSD onset rate within 9 months was 24.2%. Conclusion: PTSD in disaster victims in China might be as prevalent and persistent as those found elsewhere. Prompt and effective post-disaster intervention could mitigate the impacts of initial exposure and reduce the probability of PTSD occurrence.更多还原