【摘要】 目的　探讨组织工程化周围神经研制工作中神经导管材料和雪旺细胞移植的有关问题。方法广泛查阅近年有关人工神经研究方面的文献 ,重点叙述在桥接神经缺损的移植体和雪旺细胞移植方面的研究进展。结果　硅胶、涤纶、聚四氟乙烯、聚交酯及几丁质等生物材料均可作为桥接神经缺损的神经导管 ,以可降解的生物材料较为理想 ;在神经导管内放置丝状内支架可增加再生轴突通过的距离。雪旺细胞经体外纯化和培养后仍具有生物活性 ,将雪旺细胞植入神经导管内可促进神经轴突的再生。结论　理想的人工神经应由有特定三维结构的可降解神经导管和有生物活性的雪旺细胞构成 ,雪旺细胞在支架内有序地分布 ,类似于 Büngner带。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To review the advance in materials of nerve conduit and Schwann cell transplantation for preparation of artificial nerve with tissue engineering technique. Methods Recent literatures about artificial nerve, nerve conduit and Schwann cell transplantation were extensively reviewed. Results Many biomaterials such as silicon, dacron, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene(ePTFE), polyester and chitin could be used as nerve conduits to repair nerve defect, the degradable biomaterials were better. The nerve conduit with intrinsic filaments could be used to bridge an extended gap in peripheral nerve. Purified and cultured Schwann cells were still bioactive. Axonal regeneration could be enhanced after implantation of Schwann cells into nerve conduit. Conclusion The ideal artificial nerve is composed of three dimensional biodegradable nerve conduit and bioactive Schwann cells, Schwann cells can be distributed in nerve conduit just like Bünger’s band.更多还原