【摘要】 本文对青蛤Cyclinasinensis的室内人工催产、受精卵的孵化密度、幼虫培养密度、幼虫饵料及青蛤增养殖进行了研究。采用阴干、遮光和充气的方法对青蛤进行催产 ,成功率达 95% ;平均孵化率为 88.6 % ;室内育苗中 ,幼虫培养密度控制在 11～ 16个 /ml,幼虫变态后 ,减少培养密度 ,可以提高幼虫成活率 ;幼虫的饵料以叉鞭金藻为主 ,混合投喂较单一投喂效果更好。在 10 5.6 1m3水体的室内育苗池内 ,培育出稚贝约1.7亿粒 ,经土池培育获壳长 3～ 6mm幼贝 3878.4 5万粒 ,成活率为 2 2 .83%。另外 ,利用移苗和繁殖保护的方法 ,在 84hm2 养殖试验区进行青蛤增养殖 ,资源量由原来的 9.1个 /m2 增加到 2 2 .5个 /m2 ,净增资源量2 70 .7t。更多还原

【Abstract】 The parent clams of venus clam, Cyclina sinensis were collected from Dengsha River of Jinzhou (Liaoning Province) July, 1995, with mature sexual gland and shell length of 3.5～4.0 cm, without shell broken. Three methods were employed, respectively, to conduct the artificial spawning, including ①shade-drying parent clams for 3 h,then immersing them into ammonia sea water(0.25%);②stimulating parent clams by changing water temperature(26℃→4℃→26℃);③shade-drying parent clams for 3～5 h, then putting them into spawning pond, water temperature 26～31 ℃, dark, gasing. The results showed that with method ① the spawning rate were 13%and 10% but could be up to 95% with method ③. After that, the oosperms were collected and divided into 6 groups on density basis, which were 65,53,44,38,30 and 26 ind/ml, hatched. The average hatching rate was 88.6%. Meanwhile, a growth experiment was performed by chosing healthy D-shaped larvae and feeding Isochrysis sp., Dicrateria zhanjiang, Chlorella spp. and Platy monas spp. singly and mixedly. After metamorphosis, the juvenile clams were cultured outdoor fertilized with urea at 1～2 mg/L. The culturing results showed that under the same water temperature and water quality and fed with D.zhanjiang only, the larvae grew best at the density of 6 and 11 ind/ml; among the 4 groups of single diet, the larvae fed with I. sp. and D.zhangijiang grew the fastest 2 d after feeding, but the larvae fed with mixture diets grew better than those fed with single diet; when the larvae were cultured at density of 11 ind/ml and fed with mixture of D.zhanjiang+C.spp.+P.spp, about 169.9 million spats were obatined in a sea water volum of 105.61m 3, and after further reared in earth ponds, 38.8 million juvenile inds were obtained at shell lengths of 3～6 mm with a surviral rate of 22.83%. An on-the-spot culturing experiment was carried out at Sheyang Saltworks, Jiangsu Province, May 1997. The water area was 84 hm 2 and 9.01 t of seedling was transplanted in. At the same time, a conservated propagation and reproduction was carried out. On 11th Seb. 1998, a test was made and the result showed that the yield of clam increased by 270.7 t, and the resource amount increased from 9.74 to 22.5 ind/m 2.更多还原