【摘要】 目的　探讨老年患者肾移植的特点、影响移植效果的主要因素及提高移植成功率的措施。方法　对６４ 例年龄在６０ 岁以上的老年患者肾移植的资料进行总结。６４ 例中年龄最大者７３岁， 平均６３ ．６岁。术后环孢素Ａ（ＣｓＡ）的起始量较一般患者低０ ．５～１ ．０ ｍｇ·ｋｇ－ １·ｄ－ １ ， 术后１ 年内的维持量较同期一般患者低０．２～０ ．３ ｍｇ·ｋｇ－ １·ｄ－ １ 。结果　人、肾１ 年存活率均为８６．５％ ，３ 年存活率为７１．４％ ， 最长存活者达１０ 年； 急、慢性排斥反应的发生率分别为４ ．７ ％ 和５ ．８％ ；４５ 例发生并发症（７０．３ ％ ）， 其中以肺部感染的发生率最高（５０ ．０ ％） ， 其次为ＣｓＡ 的肝、肾毒性。结论　并发症是影响老年患者移植效果的主要因素； 免疫抑制剂的合理应用是改善移植效果的重要保证； 只要注意老年患者肾移植的特点， 采取相应措施， 老年患者行肾移植的效果满意。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objectives To study the characters of aged renal transplantation, the main factors influencing the effects and the measures improving transplant results. Methods The data of renal transplantation in the 64 elder over 60 years were retrospectively studied. 56 cases underwent the anastomosis of renal artery with the external iliac artery. In the time of postransplantation, the initiative dosage of CsA was 0.5 to 1.0 ?mg·kg -1 ·d -1 , and the maintaining dosage was 0.2 to 0.3 ?mg·kg -1 ·d -1 less than general recipients. Results The 1, 3 year survival rate of patient/graft kidney was 86.5% and 71.4% , respectively. The longest survivor was 10 years. The acute and chronic rejection rate was 4.7% and 5.8% respectively. The various complications occurred in 45 recipients ( 70.3% ). Conclusions The complications were the main factors that affected the outcome of renal transplantation, the reasonable immunosuppressive therapy was the guarantee of improving transplantation results.更多还原