【摘要】 目的　探讨抑郁症的神经元结构及发病机制。方法　采用不同强度强迫游泳应激造成绝望行为 (BD组 )模型和单纯强迫游泳模型 (对照组 )大鼠 (Wistar系雄性 ,体重 16 0～ 180g)各 10只 ,在其端脑、间脑、中脑和脑桥切片上各做抗fos蛋白免疫组化染色 ,40倍光镜下观察和计数各部位内fos蛋白免疫阳性 (FLI)神经元及其数目 ,并进行两组之间的比较。结果　BD组与对照组 40倍光镜下FLI神经元数目比较 ,前额内侧皮质 [BD组 (4 9 4± 3 7)个 ,对照组 (18 9± 4 8)个 ,P <0 0 1]、隔外侧核 [BD组 (4 1 6± 3 2 )个 ,对照组 (11 4± 3 0 )个 ,P <0 0 1]、下丘脑室旁核 [BD组 (2 0 8± 4 4)个 ,对照组 (6 9± 2 0 )个 ,P <0 0 5 ]、下丘脑外侧区 [BD组 (12 4± 1 6 )个 ,对照组 0个 ,P <0 0 1]、中脑中央灰质 [BD组 (4 6 3± 5 2 )个 ,对照组 (2 0 2± 4 3)个 ,P <0 0 1]、中脑网状结构 [BD组 (6 5± 1 2 )个 ,对照组0个 ,P <0 0 1]、中缝背核 [BD组 (4 8± 0 4)个 ,对照组 0个 ,P <0 0 1]多于对照组 ;额皮质V层、中脑网状结构和中缝背核内见到胞核深染、胞浆浅染的FLI神经元胞体。结论　抑郁症的发病可能与脑内犒赏系统的强烈而持续的兴奋引起神经元内Ca2 +过载而导致神经元变性有关更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the neuroanatomic basis of depression and its mechanism Methods The distribution of fos like immunoreactive (FLI) neurons in telencephalon, diencephalon, midbrain and pons were examined in 10 “behavioral despair” (BD) rats and 10 “simple forced swimming” (SFS) rats, and the distributions of FLI neurons of the two groups were compared by fos Ab immunohistochemistry methods Results The distribution of FLI neurons increased in prefrontal medial cortex ( P <0 01), lateral septal nucleus ( P <0 01), hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus ( P <0 05), lateral hypothalamic area ( P <0 01), mesencephalic centre grey matter ( P <0 01), mesencephalic reticular formation ( P <0 01) and dorsal raphe nucleus ( P <0 01) in BD rats compared with SFS rats The dark cell nucleus and light cell cytoplasm of FLI cell body were examined in frontal cortex V, mesencephalic reticular formation and dorsal raphe nucleus in BD rat Conclusions The results suggest that the mechanism of depression is involved in a strongly and persistently excited reward system in brain, which induce cellular Ca 2+ overloading, and degeneration of neurons更多还原