【摘要】 目的　乳腺癌是全世界妇女中最多发的肿瘤。我国城市女性乳腺癌危险因素的筛查及其探索监测方法研究 (并有相关的论文陆续发表 ) ,对乳腺癌的预防和控制十分重要。方法　在我国选择北京、天津、上海、重庆、武汉、广州六大城市作为监测地区 ,采用以人群为基础的 1∶1配对的病例对照研究方法 ,共抽取 2 10 0对病例与对照 ,进行问卷调查。应用SAS 6 .12软件进行单因素、多因素条件logistic回归分析 ,并对六城市分别做指标聚类分析和样品聚类分析。结果　六城市资料分别分析的结果为 :文化程度高 (OR :1.2 0～ 1.6 1)、体重指数大 (OR :1.40～ 2 2 .36 )、精神心理压抑 (OR :16 .0～ 10 .5 0 )、女性生殖系统疾病史 (OR :1.73～ 19.44 )、摄入乳类食品多 (OR :1.6 4～ 3.39)等为六城市共同的主要危险因素 ;而初潮年龄早、结婚年龄晚、行经年龄多、饮食中肉类、蛋类、鱼虾类摄入量高等危险因素在不同城市中出现 ;常吃葱蒜类食物及避孕年数多为保护性因子 ,绝经前与绝经后的危险因素及效应强度均有所不同 ;聚类分析显示北京、武汉、重庆为一类 ,上海、天津相类似 ,而广州为单独一类。结论　我国六城市妇女乳腺癌危险因素中有共同的暴露因素 ,同时 ,在不同城市之间的主要危险因素及暴露水平又有一定差异。对此更多还原

【Abstract】 Obective Breast cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm in women all over the world. It is necessary to establish monitoring methods and to identify risk factors. Methods Six cities including Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing, Wuhan and Guangzhou were chosen as the sample areas. 2 100 cases with 1∶1 matched controls were interviewed with a uniformed questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression and cluster analysis were used for multivariate analysis. Results The common risk factors for the combined data of the six cities were high educational level ( OR : 1.17 ), high body mass index ( OR : 1.51 ), high intake of milk products ( OR : 1.49 ), high intake of eggs ( OR : 1.14 ), psychological depression ( OR: 2.78 ), history of benign breast diseases ( OR : 2.24 ), old age at marriage ( OR : 1.42 ), dysmenorrhea ( OR : 1.22 ), short duration of lactation ( OR : 1.17 ). Among these factors, different cities had different ORs , as high educational level ( OR : 1.20 - 1.61 ), high body mass index ( OR : 1.40 - 22.36 ), high intake of milk products ( OR : 1.64 - 3.39 ), depression ( OR : 1.60 - 10.50 ), history of benign breast diseases ( OR : 1.73 - 19.44 ). Some statistically significant correlations existed in different cities such as early age at menarche, old age at marriage, long menstrual periods, high intake of meat, eggs, sea food and passive smoking were risk factors. Some risk factors varied between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Beijing, Wuhan and Chongqing were clustered as the same group in cluster analysis, so did Shanghai and Tianjin, but Guangzhou could not be grouped with other cities. Conclusion Some common risk factors for breast cancer did exist in the six cities, but there were varieties in different areas which showed different places would have their own characteristics. Thus, careful study of risk factors, especially in the selection of variables and data analysis need to be carried on.更多还原