【摘要】 目的　探讨载脂蛋白AⅠ (apoAⅠ )启动子 - 75bp处G/A嘌呤置换和少量饮酒对凉山地区彝族及汉族人群血浆载脂蛋白AⅠ水平的影响。方法　现场调查随机抽样 742名凉山州 15周岁以上彝汉健康居民 ,包括 3个人群样本 :彝族农民、彝族移民、汉族居民。根据饮酒折合的乙醇量将两民族人群分为 4组 :不饮酒者、1～ 2 5g/d的饮酒者、2 6～ 75g/d的饮酒者、75g/d以上的饮酒者。采集每人清晨空腹血样 10ml作有关血脂和脂蛋白水平测定。此外 ,还自冷冻血凝块中抽提基因组DNA ,经PCR扩增 ,进行片段长度多态性分析。结果　随饮酒量的一定增加 ,血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL C)和apoAⅠ水平呈轻度升高。在彝族农民样本和汉族居民样本中差异有非常显著性意义。 3组人群样本间的A等位基因频率相似。在A等位基因携带者和GG基因型携带者的各项血脂水平间差异未见显著性意义。但在不饮酒人群中 ,A等位基因携带者的apoAⅠ水平明显高于GG基因型携带者 ;在饮酒人群中 ,A等位基因携带者的apoAⅠ和HDL C水平明显低于GG基因型携带者 ,这一差异在城镇居民中有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。在不饮酒的人群中 ,G/A置换可以解释 18%的个体间apoAⅠ水平变异 (F =8.94,P <0 .0 1)。结论　适量饮用低度酒 (凉山地区彝族山地居民以低度米酒为主更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the influence of a common polymorphism of the human apolipoprotein AⅠ gene promoter at a position of -75 bp upstream of the transcription start site and wine consumption on plasma lipid levels. Methods 742 healthy Yi and Han healthy subjects all above 15 years old to be the total population which was divided into three samples, namely, Yi farmer sample, Yi emigrant sample and Han resident sample for this study. Estimations of plasma lipids and apolipoproteins were carried on through an auto analyzer. Genetic DNA was prepared from the frozen blood clot using Triton x 100 lysis technique. Amplification of a 432 bp fragment of the apoAⅠ gene promoter was performed via the PCR, followed by restriction digestion, electrophoresis and identification of the genotypes involved. Data analysis was done at last. Results Four groups of alcohol consumption were defined: the non drinkers, 1～25 g alcohol intake/day, 26～75 g alcohol/day and >75 g alcohol/day. A tendency of a mild persistent elevation of plasma HDL C and apoAⅠ was noticed corresponding to an increase of the amount of alcohol intake, and with no evidence of threshold effect observed in the samples of both the Yi farmers and the Han people. Similar phenomenon was obtained in the sample of Yi emigrants, but no statistical significance. The frequencies of the A allele of all 3 samples were similar. In Han and Yi emigrant samples, the drinkers with genotypes of GG had a higher plasma HDL C and apoAⅠ level than that of the non drinkers with the same genotypes. Drinkers with A allele had a lower plasma HDL C and apoAⅠ level than that of drinkers without A all ele, and the non drinkers with A allele had a higher levels of apoAⅠ than of non drinkers with genotypes of GG. It is estimated that 18% of the variability of plasma apoAⅠ level could be explained by the G/A polymorphism in non drinkers of Yi emigrants ( F =8.94, P <0.01). Conclusions Current data suggest that a moderate alcohol consumption or a G to A substitution could make a lower incidence of CHD, but the beneficial effect of one will be negated by the other when both factors occur simultaneously. This finding is seemed valuable for a further study on the effect of the environmental factor or genetic factor in effecting the plasma apoAⅠ level afterwards.更多还原