【摘要】 应用核素示踪技术研究了稀土元素的环境行为、生物富集性及其对动物性腺激素分泌的影响。结果表明:(1)147Pm, 141 Ce 和 Nd 147在土壤中具有强烈的吸附性,难于移动而易于造成累积,在水体中富集于底泥;(2)测得了 Pm 在 5 种水生动植物的生物富集系 147数(BCF)和 3 种水生蔬菜的吸收系数及其食用器官——茎对 Pm 147的富集性,供试的各生物对 Pm 均具有明显的富集性;(3)147Pm, 147141Ce 和 Nd 在动物体内脏器和组织间呈不均匀分布,其中,骨骼、 147骨髓、眼、大脑、心脏、脂肪和睾丸残留量较高,且随剂量或摄入时间增加而增加,表现了明显的选择性蓄积,骨骼对稀土元素的富集尤为突出,141Ce 在眼中蓄积高于其它脏器和组织;(4)以一次性腹腔注射剂量为 200 mg/kg 的 Ce 或 Nd 对小鼠性腺激素分泌具有明显的抑制作用,小鼠血清中睾酮或孕酮浓度比对照减少;然而,以 200 和 800 mg/kg·d 的 Ce 随饲料摄入,对小鼠血清中睾酮浓度没有明显影响,但是,对其精子有影响而畸型率升高,且随时间和剂量而增加。简略地探讨了农业应用稀土的环境安全性,并就稀土农用提出了几点建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The environmental behaviour, bioconcentration of rare earth elements and their effects on the animal gonadial hormone secretion were studied using the radioisotope tracer. The results were as follows: (1) The 147Pm, 141Ce and147Nd have strong adsorption in soil. They accumulated in soil easily and belonged to the matter which was difficult to move. When in water body, they concentrated in the bottom mud. (2) The authors tested bioconcentration factors (BCF) of 5 aquatics and absorption coefficients of 3 aquatic vegetables on 147Pm, and their concentration in edible oran-stems. The materisals for study showed apparent concentrating capabilities. (3) The distribution of 147Pm, 141 Ce and 147Nd residues were uveven in the animal’s visceva and tissue. But, the higher residues were in bone, marrow, eye, brain, heart, adipose and testis, and their accumulation increased with dosage and time, which showed selective accumulation. There were much higher accumulation of RE in bone than in other viscera and tissues, and 141Ce was highest in eye. (4) With the Nd or Ce of dose 200 mg/kg by once intraperitoneally, gonadial hormone (testosterone or progesterone) concentration in the serum decreased significantly compared with the control. This showed apparend inhibition on gonadial hormone secretion in mice; however with different dosages of Ce (200 and 800 mg/kg·d) in feed, the testosterone concentration of serum made no significant difference, but, the misshape rate of spermatozon proved higher, and the misshape rate increased with feeding time and dosage. Rudimentary exploration on safety of agricultural use of Re for eco-environment are made, and some suggestions are proposed.更多还原