【摘要】 目的 :探讨药物不良反应的一般规律及各自特点 ,指导合理用药。方法 :用文献计量学方法对近10年国内公开报道的2663例药物不良反应进行回顾性分析。结果 :2663例药物不良反应中 ,抗生素引起的占46 19 % ,神经系统用药占15 92 % ,心血管系统用药占5 18 % ,血液及造血系统用药占1 76 % ,抗恶性肿瘤用药占1 99 %。2663例中死亡210例 ;青霉素占过敏性休克致死的30 16 % (19/63) ,别嘌呤醇占皮肤变态反应致死的40 % (12/30) ,庆大霉素占肾损害致死的47 82 % (11/23) ,复方新诺明占肝损害致死的27 22 % (5/18)。结论 :审慎用药 ,药物不良反应是可以大大减少的。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the general rule and individual characteristics of drug adverse reactions(ADRs) so as to guide rational drug use METHODS: Using literature metrological analysis, 2 663 cases with ADRs ,reported in China during past 10 years,were retrospectively analyzed RESULTS: Among the 2 663 cases,46 19% was induced by antibiotics,25 92% by drugs for nervous diseases,5 18% by drugs for cardiovascular diseases,1 76% by drugs for hematological diseases and 1 99% by anticancer drugs Of the 2 663 cases, 210 died, among whom 30 16%(19/63) died of anaphylactic shock caused by penicillin,40 00%(12/30) died of dermal allergy to alloputinol,47 82%(11/23)died of renal dysfunction caused by gentamicin,27 22%(5/18) died of liver dysfunction caused by sulfamethoxazole CONCLUSION: We should pay attention to the rational use of drugs to reduce ADRs更多还原