【摘要】 目的　探讨鼻窦解剖及其变异与鼻窦炎和手术的关系。方法　观察 10 0具颅骨、10个尸头 ,复习 750例鼻窦炎鼻窦冠状CT和 10 0 0例内窥镜鼻窦手术记录 ,研究中鼻甲、钩突、上颌窦自然口和鼻囟门 (含上颌窦骨性裂口 )、前鼻颅底、筛蝶区域和鼻中隔的解剖学和影像解剖学 ,分析解剖、变异与鼻窦炎和手术的关系。结果　①中鼻甲、钩突、前鼻颅底、筛蝶区域和鼻中隔均存在解剖变异 ;②中鼻甲、钩突和鼻中隔的变异在有鼻窦炎侧明显多于无鼻窦炎侧 ;③中鼻甲和钩突可作为内窥镜鼻窦手术的解剖标志 ;④手术前和手术中应重视鼻顶颅底和筛蝶区域的解剖变异。结论　鼻窦解剖及其变异对鼻窦炎发生和指导手术极为重要更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the anatomy and variations of nasal sinus in relation to sinusitis and operation. Methods 100 skulls and 10 corpse heads were investigated; 750 coronal CT scans of sinusitis and 1 000 operative records of endoscopic sinus surgery were reviewed. The anatomy and radiology of middle turbinate, uncinate process, maxillary sinus ostia and nasal fontanelle, anterior nasal skull base, ethmoid sphenoid area, and nasal septum were observed. The relationship of anatomy and variations of nasal sinus to sinusitis and operation was analysed. Results ①Anatomic variations of middle turbinate, uncinate process, anterior nasal skull base, ethmoid sphenoid area and nasal septum were found; ②The anatomic variations of middle turbinate, uncinate process and nasal septum were the most common on the sinusitis side; ③The middle turbinate and uncinate process could be operative marks in endoscopic sinus surgery; ④The anatomic variations in anterior nasal skull base and ethmoid sphenoid area had to be emphasized before and during operation. Conclusion It is extremely important for doctors to study at the anatomic variations of nasal sinus in order to analyse sinusitis and perform operation.更多还原