【摘要】 对国产蔷薇科 (Rosaceae)苹果亚科 (Maloideae) 16属 18种及 1变型进行了植物花粉形态的光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察。本亚科花粉呈单粒存在 ,花粉近球形至长球形 ,极面观常呈三裂圆形 ,赤道面观椭圆形至圆形。本亚科的花粉在全科中是最大的 ,极轴为 18 62～45 65 μm ,赤道轴为 18 36～ 40 8μm。最大花粉见于Crataeguspinnatifida ,为 ( 2 8 85～ 45 65 )μm× ( 2 5 5～ 40 8) μm ,最小花粉见于Pyracanthaaugustifolia ,为 ( 18 62～ 2 4 45 ) μm× ( 18 36～ 2 6 0 1) μm。三孔沟 ,内孔为长方形。沟较长 ,两端较窄。外壁在光学显微镜下常模糊 ,扫描电镜下见有穴状、皱波 -穴状、条纹 -穴状、条纹状等纹饰变化。Maloideae的外壁纹饰同Rosaceae其余 3个亚科相比显得较为原始且分化程度不高。孢粉学特征表明 ,花粉的外壁纹饰对Maloideae在Rosaceae 4个亚科中的系统排序以及Maloideae亚科下的分族和演化等问题的研究方面可能具有较大意义更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the authors report the systematic study of pollen grains of Maloideae (Rosaceae), including Dichotomanthes,Cotoneaster, Pyracantha, Crataegus, Osteomeles, Stranvaesia, Photinia, Eriobotrya, Rhaphiolepis, Sorbus, Cydonia, Docynia, Chaenomeles, Pyrus, Malus and Amelanchier in China. The above genera have tricolporate pollen grains. The shape of grains is subspheroidal to prolate. The pollen grains of Maloideae have the biggest size in four subfamilies of Rosaceae. Its size varies within (18 62～45 65)μm × (18 36～40 8)μm. The biggest one was seen in Crataegus pinnatifida with the size of (28 85～45 65)μm × (25 5～40 8)μm while the smallest one was observed in Pyracantha augustifolia with the size of (18 62～24 45)μm × (18 36～26 01)μm. Amb 3-lobed circular. The colpi usually long but narrowed in two ends, the ora shaped as rectangle. Sculptural types of the subfamily Maloideae were observed as the categories of foveolate , striate-foveolate and striate, of which the level of differentiation is relatively low compared with other three subfamilies in Rosaceae. The patterns of pollen sculpture may have significances in the systematic arrangement of four subfamilies in Rosaceae and in solving the problems such as evolution and classification of difficult complex species in Rosaceae.更多还原