【摘要】 长江源及长江上游地区冰川退缩 ,湖泊干涸 ,草地沙化 ,草场退化加速 ,森林覆盖率锐减 ,水土流失严重 ,河流水量减少 ,泥沙增加 ,泥石流等自然灾害频繁发生 ,生物物种减少。日趋恶化的生态环境 ,已对全流域的社会经济发展构成严重威胁。为治理该地区的生态环境 ,需建立统一协调机构 ,制订综合治理规划 ;充分认识林业的生态功能 ;尽快建立森林生态经济评估体系和生态效益的补偿制度 ,保证生态治理资金多渠道和稳定投入 ;加强科学研究 ,推广新科技的使用 ,发展农村以生物产业为主的商品经济 ,消除对伐木的依赖 ;有计划 ,有步骤地推进小流域治理 ;建立生态环境数据库与地理信息系统和动态监测网络 ,为生态环境科学化的管理提供依据 ;切实保护好现有的自然保护区已刻不容缓更多还原

【Abstract】 The main source and upper reaches of Changjiang River are experiencing a shrinking of glacial, dry up of water bodies, deterioration and desertification of grassland, reduction of forest coverage, serious erosion of soil and pollution of water quality, decrease of water flow, increase of sedimentation, accelerated frequency of mud rock flows and other natural calamities, and a fast diminishing of biodiversity The daily deterioration of the ecological environment has seriously threatened the social economic development of the entire river basin In order to properly administer the ecological environment of this region, there is a need to constitute a centralized coordinating agency and work out an unified and integrated administering plan, which should include the following: (1) recognize fully the ecological function of forest and forestry; (2) establish promptly a forest ecological and economical assessment system, as well as an ecological beneficiary compensation system; (3) ensure the multi channeled and stable input and investment of ecological administering funds; (4) strengthen scientific research, propagate and utilize new scientific technology; (5) develop commercially viable bio industry in rural areas to lessen the dependency on the logging industry; (6) advance systematically and step by step the implementation of the administration plan in small drainage basin; (7) construct ecological and environmental database and biogeographical information system as well as a dynamic monitoring network system in order to provide the foundation needed in the scientific administration of ecological environment; (8) protect immediately and effectively the remaining natural protected areas and nature reserves更多还原