【摘要】 利用RAPD标记对17个不同来源的我国棉花品种（系）进行遗传多样性评估。200个随机引物扩增出113条多态性片段。17个品种（系）依据染色体组的不同可以分为3大类。它们之间的遗传相似性系数从0.2000到0.8451。3个大面积推广品种鄂荆1号，中棉所12号和苏棉3号遗传基础十分相近。陆地棉与阔叶棉杂交产生的野生种质系7581，与其他陆地棉品种（系）遗传差异显著。不同育种单位在育种过程中种质使用具有一定的倾向性。为拓宽品种的遗传基础，来自陆地棉品种外的其他优良种质应该在育种中予以考虑。更多还原

【Abstract】 RAPDs analysis was used to assess the genetic diversity of some elite cotton varieties. 17 cotton varieties or breeding lines were screened with 200 arbitrary primers to generate 113 polymorphic bands. Cluster analysis and UPGMA showed that 17 varieties could be put into 3 clusters corresponding to genome difference. The genetic similarity among them ranged from 0.2000 to 0.8451. Three elite varieties Ejing-1, Sumian-3 and Zhongmiansuo-12 are highly similar in genetic base. 7581, an offspring from Gossypium hirsutum. hirsutum race Latifolium, is distinct from other upland cotton varieties. A trend in germplasm usage in the same research center was also shown in the study. To sustain progress in genetic improvement, we suggest that some good gene from other species should be considered in the upland cotton breeding procedure.更多还原