【摘要】 以不同历史时期的10个代表性棉花品种的2年5点实验和1973～1996年棉花品种区域实验的历史资料，研究我国黄淮棉区自50年代以来棉花品种农艺性状、抗病性和稳定性的遗传改良效果。结果表明：建国40多年来，该棉区棉花早熟性和抗病性育种取得显著进展。在品种的产量和品质提高的同时，品种的生育期缩短了3～5天，霜前花率提高了近7个百分点。棉花品种的抗病性也显著提高。抗枯萎病问题已基本解决，抗黄萎病问题正在解决。棉花品种的稳定性也有了一定程度的改善。更多还原

【Abstract】 Data from a set of 5-location and 2-year experiments on 10 representative historical cotton varieties and the data of Huang-Huai Regional Cotton Trials from 1973 to 1996 were analyzed to estimate the effects of genetic improvement in agronomy properties, disease resistance and stability of cotton in Huang-Huai Region in China. The results indicated that a great genetic progress of earliness and disease resistance had been achieved by breeding programs since 1950’s. The maturity was shortened 3～5 days; The rate of preforst yield was increased about 7 percentages. The problem of resistance to Fususium wilt has been solved and the resistance to Verticillum wilt was improving. Some progress in stability of cotton varieties also has been achieved by breeding programs since 1950.更多还原