【摘要】 建立了D2S92、D2S44、D10S28、D17S79 4个位点的荧光检测RFLP技术，准确、快速、安全。同时，对尼龙膜DNA固定、剥脱尼龙膜再杂交进行了实验，结果表明，碱性磷酸酶标记寡核苷酸探针和荧光检测技术具有很高灵敏度和稳定性，检测样本DNA的最小量约3～25ng。它将在法医鉴定、基因诊断和遗传研究等领域中发挥越来越大的作用。采用严格地随机抽样，对西安汉族群体进行遗传学调查，用ALI874、YNH24、TBQ7、VI 4种标记探针杂交，测定了D2S92、D2S44、D10S28、D17S79 4个位点等位基因频率，建立西安汉族人数据库。种族差异的比较，选择了白种人、黑种人和黄种人的D2S44、D10S28和D17S79等位基因分布比较，VNTR位点存在着种族差异，为人类起源的基因研究提供了理论依据；表明在法医鉴定中，本民族本地区遗传学资料的基础研究是十分重要的和必要的。更多还原

【Abstract】 DNA typing by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was an extremely important technique used in forensic science identification, paternity test and gene diagnosis. While RFLP testing was a highly informative method, it traditionally had several disadvantages. It was time consuming and involved in working with radioactive phosphorus. A chemiluminescent detection of RFLP technique that was faster and safer than isotopic detection. The chemiluminescent system had a good sensitivity of detecting 3*25ng sample DNA. The development of direct alkaline phosphatase (AP) conjugated probes and improved chemiluminescent substrates provided a non-isotopic detection method that equaled or surpassed 32P detection systems. Population genetic studies were performed using direct alkaline phosphatase (AP) conjugated oligonucleotide probes (AL1874、YNH24、TBQ7、VI) that recognized four hypervariable number of tandem repeats regions (D2S92、D2S44、 D10S28、D17S79 loci) respectively in the human genome. DNA from approximately 480 unrelated individuals, subdivided into oriental group were digested with Hae enzyme and were successively hybridized to each DNA probe. The number of distinct DNA fragments identified for each of these regions varies from 37 to more than 78. An allele frequency distribution was determined for each locus with the computer and digitizer. The results showed significant differences between different races (American-blacks, Caucasians, and Orientals), in the pattern of distributions as well as in the relative frequency of the most common alleles of D2S92, D2S44, D10S28, and D17S79. The results showed that the analysis of these loci had useful applications in genetics and in forensic identity.更多还原