【摘要】 目的　了解核工业超剂量受照人员的健康状况 ,探求辐射危害所致早期改变指标。方法　采用现场调查与实验室细胞遗传学和体细胞基因位点突变检测相结合的方法 ,对核工业某厂 5 0名超剂量受照人员和 5 0名对照人员进行调查。结果　染色体畸变率 (CA)、微核形成率 (MN)和HPRT(次黄嘌呤鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶 )基因位点突变频率(HPRT)超剂量组均高于对照组 ,其中CA和HPRT结果两组之间存在统计学显著差异。超剂量组中堆工作业岗位的三项指标均明显高于放化工作业岗位的结果 ,各项指标随着累积剂量的增高而增高 ,与剂量之间可拟合Lg直线回归方程。结论　各项指标综合分析 ,可对群体或个体早期或近期的辐射损伤危害作出评价更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the health status of the overexposed workers in nuclear industry and to explore the early indices caused by radiation risk.Methods 50 overexposed workers and 50 control workers in a nuclear factory were studied with both worksite survey and laboratory cytogenetic tests.Results The frequencies of chromosome aberrations (CA), micronuclei (MN) and HPRT locus mutations (HRPT) in the overdose group were shown to be all higher than that in the control group, especially, CA and HPRT had marked difference between two groups. In the overdose group, three indices of nuclear reactor workers appeared to be obviously higher than that of radiochemical workers. At the same time, three indices were related to accumulated dose and satisfied with straight-regressive equation y =a+blg x . Conclusion The radiation risk assessment of population or individual could be made by comprehensive analysis of CA, MN and HPRT.更多还原