【摘要】 目的 :了解儿童首诊口腔疾病类型及影响因素。方法 :491例患儿首诊疾病分为 7大类 ,探讨牙列期、性别与首诊疾病类型的关系 ;了解少数民族和汉族家长文化层次对儿童口腔疾病首诊率的影响。结果 :因龋病而首诊的患儿以乳牙列早期为最多 ,因舌系带过短和感染首诊者以乳牙列后期最多 ,因乳牙滞留、牙颌畸形首诊者以替牙期最多 ,经卡方检验均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;因外伤和其他疾病首诊者 ,3个牙列期无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。性别方面 ,因外伤而首诊的患儿 ,男性多于女性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,因牙颌畸形而首诊的患儿 ,女性多于男性 (P <0 .0 5 )。家庭文化层次方面 ,家长为初中以下文化程度的患儿 ,汉族首诊率高于少数民族 (P <0 .0 1) ;家长为大专以上文化程度的患儿 ,少数民族首诊率高于汉族 (P <0 .0 1) ;家长为高中文化程度者 ,首诊率汉族和少数民族无显著差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论 :不同牙列期 ,儿童首诊主要疾病类型不同 ,文化层次较低的少数民族应是口腔卫生宣教的重点对象更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To understand the types and the influence factors on oral diseases of children from the first visit to dental clinic. Methods: 491 children cases of first visit to dental clinic were divided into seven kinds of disorders; all patients came from the dental clinic of First Affilicated Hospital from Sep. 1997 to Nov.1997. The different kinds of diseases, types among three dentition and between two sexes were compared; the influences of parents with different educational background between the Han nationality and the minority nationaliities on first visit rate were studied. Results: Children with caries at the stage of late primary dentition was the most; with shortness of lingua fraenum and infection at the stage of early primaor dentition were the most; with dental and occlusion deformity, mixcd dentition were the most. (P<0.01); for injury and other diseases, there were no difference among three stages (P>0.05). About sexes, in ease of injury,boys were more than girls; with dental and occlusion deformity, girls were more than boys (P<0.01); about parent’s educational background, the first visit rate of chidren with parents under junior middle school education, Han were higher than the minorities; with parents beyond college education, the minorities were higher than Han; with parents of high middle school education, there were no difference between the two nationalities (P>0.05). Conclusion: Oral disease types in children were different from different dentition. Oral hygienic propaganda and education should be more stressed on the minority nationalities with lower education.更多还原