【摘要】 论述了极端干旱环境背景下的人地关系性质以及演变的主要特征 ,指出在此地区资源是决定人地关系性质和特征的首要因素 ,而气候的自然演变、人类活动的影响等是在不同时空尺度上制约着干旱区人类的生存空间、活动空间以及人类的生存活动、社会生产活动与自然环境的物质、能量、信息交流等方面的更深层次的因素 .从原始社会 ,农业社会到工业社会 ,这种关系的表现形式一直不断地发生着变化 ,大致经历了依附自然 ,干预——顺应自然 ,干预自然 ,回归自然四个阶段 .各个阶段以气候环境变化为背景 ,以水资源为主线 ,表现出人地关系演变的时空特征更多还原

【Abstract】 There exists interacted relationship between environment and human activity. From primitive society, agriculture society to industry society, the relationship, which have gone through four phases: dependence on nature,interference complying with nature,interference nature and return to nature, has been changing all the way. Regarding the change of climate and environment as background and water resource as main line, each phase shows evolution characteristic of man land relationship against time and space. To compare with a synthetic study of the development of climate show that although it has been characterizing drought consecutively since about 4kaB.P. in southern Xinjiang, several relative humid periods can be identified, and abrupt dry warming time boundaries are indicated at 3.0kaB.P.,2.0kaB.P.,1.5kaB.P.,1.0kaB.P. and 0.2kaB.P.. These above mentioned abrupt climatic warm dryness basically coincide well with the periods of the phases of ancient cities abandoned in southern Xinjiang and also with the rise and decline of the ancient Silk Road. The quasi correlation between the changes of climate and the type and content of man land relationship imply that the natural evolution of climate and environment perhaps play an another very important role in affecting man land relationship in arid area. To study and to understand the evolution mechanism of man land relationship of the extreme arid area provides scientific basis for harmonizing man land relationship of this area.更多还原