【摘要】 对 5个类型的水稻不育系进行了幼穗培养 ,在红源 A、包源 A和 W6154s中 ,共获得了 10例雄性不育变异株 ,水稻花粉败育可分为无花粉、典败、圆败和染败四种类型。发现了不育花粉败育类型之间可以相互转换现象。对雄性不育变异株用一批现有 CMS不育系的保持系和恢复系进行测交和回交 ,有的变异株其恢保关系发生了变化 ,由包台型变成了野败型 ;有的变异株找不到恢复系 ;而有的变异株则找不到保持系 ,表现为核不育的性质更多还原

【Abstract】 Young panicles from five rice varieties, Zhenshan 97A(WA type cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS) line, indica ), Hongyuan A (HL type CMS line, indica ), Baoyuan A(BT type CMS line, indica ), Nongken 58s (photoperiod sensitive genic male sterile rice(PGMR), japonica ) and W6154s(thermo sensitive genic male sterile rice(TGMR), indica ), were cultured on different media. After obtained regenerating plants, examined pollen fertility, made testcrosses of male sterile variants, did genetic analyses of male sterile variants, discussed restoring and maintaining relationship of male sterile variants, we found 10 cases of male sterile variants in three rice varieties, Hongyuan A, Baoyuan A and W6154s. Abortive pollen of rice could be classified into four types: pollen free type (PFT), typical abortion type (TAT), spherical abortion type (SpAT) and stained abortion type(StAT). The phenomenon that type of pollen abortion could change from one to another through tissue culture was found in rice somaclones in R 1 generation. Male sterile variants in R 1 generation were crossed with ten typical maintainer lines and restorer lines (Zhenshan 97B, Erjiuai 4B, Hongyuan B, Baoyuan B, Taiyin 1, Minghui 63, Ce 64, IR24, IR26 and IR36) to investigate the restoring and maintaining relationship of these male sterile variants. The main results were as follows: The restoring and maintaining relationship of one typical abortion type (TAT) variant in R 1 regenerated plants which derived from Baoyuan A(coded 28 18) was the same as that of WA type. The variant had been backcrossed with their maintainer lines for five generations, and kept sterile all along. Four male sterile variants, which derived from Hongyuan A (one was coded 24 1, StAT; the other was coded S14 1, TAT) and Baoyuan A (one was coded 28 5, SpAT; the other was coded 28 19, TAT), kept sterile continuously for five generations when they were backcrossed with the ten parents stated above. The other five male sterile variants, which derived from Hongyuan A (coded 24 5), Baoyuan A(coded 28 35) and W6154s(coded WP 1, WP 2 and WS) turned into fertility with a lot of fertile pollens and very high self seed set rate (more than 80%) when they were crossed with the ten parents stated above.更多还原