【摘要】 回顾一百年中国历史研究中人地关系的研究 ,主要取得了以下成就。 (1)从天地生的综合研究来看 ,从长时段和宇宙星系一体来看 ,地理环境对人类社会肯定起有决定的作用 ,只是在一定的时间和地域里 ,人类可以加速或延缓历史发展的进程 ,在一些具体问题上起有决定作用。(2 )不能简单地说生产力越高 ,地理环境对人类社会的作用越小 ,只能说社会生产力越高 ,人类越是在更广泛领域内和更深刻的程度上接受地理环境的制约。 (3)地理环境一方面通过物质资料生产方式影响人类社会、上层建筑 ,一方面直接影响民族性格 ,造就文明的差异 ,这两者并不冲突 ,这更能体现地理环境对人类社会影响的复杂性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Reviewing of the studying history of people land relationship in studying Chinese history in almost centenary, the achievements were mainly as follows: (1) Geographical environment has played a decisive role in human society from the point of view of the comprehensive studying of the mutual relation among cosmos, earth, life and of o long period or universe together with galaxy. Human being could only quicken or delay the course of history development in a certain period and area, and play definitive role in specific problems. (2) We couldn’t simply say that the more developed productive forces become, the less influence geographical environment has on human society. It is only justifiable to say the greater the social production become, the more restrictions geographical environment would impose on human society either in range or depth. (3) Geographical environment effects on human society, superstructure by the mode of material production on the one hand and effects national character directly, brings up the civilization differences on the other hand. These two don’t goes against each other. On the contrary, it reveals the complexity of geographical environment ’s influence on human society.更多还原