【摘要】 首先给出冻土的弹粘塑性本构关系方程 ,然后以大坂山隧道为例 ,模拟隧道的开挖和衬砌过程并考虑渗流体积力的影响 ,给出了隧道刚修好时隧道衬砌和围岩的初应力和位移。在此基础上模拟冻融循环过程 ,给出了考虑围岩的冻胀后 ,隧道刚好使用 1年和 5年时隧道衬砌和围岩的应力和位移。最后对寒区隧道的地震响应进行弹粘塑性有限元分析。算例表明 ,寒区隧道衬砌和围岩的初应力和位移对其地震响应有很大的影响 ,在寒区隧道设计中应该充分考虑这些因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the visco plastic constitutive equations of frozen soil are presented. Then, taking Daban mountain tunnel as an example, an illustrative example is provided. In this numerical example, firstly, the constructing process of the tunnel is simulated according to the sequence of excavation, first lining and second lining. The calculated maximum stresses and displacements of tunnel linings, considering seepage volumetric forces, are given when the construction of the tunnel has just been finished. Secondly, the freezing thawing process of the surrounding rocks is modeled. The maximum stresses and displacements of tunnel linings, including the effects of frost heaving forces and seepage volumetric forces on the surrounding rocks, are calculated after the tunnel has gone through one year and five years of freezing thawing cycles, respectively. Finally, elastic visco plastic analysis for earthquake response of tunnels in cold regions is made. This example indicates that the influence of initial stresses and displacements of tunnel lining and surrounding rocks in cold regions on the earthquake response of tunnels is very large. So the effects of these factors on the tunnel lining should be taken into account for engineering design in cold regions.更多还原