【摘要】 含缺陷压力容器及管道的安全评定是石油化工行业中的一个重要课题 ,断裂力学的出现和发展为含缺陷压力容器的安全评定提供了有力的手段。由于实际和工程构件的断裂力学评定所依据的基本事件具有不确定性 ,而实际应用中断裂力学都采用定性定量 ,这就使断裂力学的工程分析方法的可靠性很低 ,自然带来了偏差和不确定性因素。考虑压力容器所承受载荷、材料断裂韧性、裂纹尺寸等参数的随机特征 ,应用可靠性理论来解决更具准确性。可靠性理论结合CEGBR6标准 ,可以得出基于MonteCarlo模拟方法的计算模型。通过一个实例并与传统方法进行了对比 ,结果表明 ,由于克服了传统缺陷评定中的缺点 ,所以它是一种更为精确的评定方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 The safety assessment of the pressure vessels and piping containing defects is an important task in the petroleum chemical engineering, however, the emergence and the development of the fracture mechanics provides a powerful instrument to it. Since the basic events which the fracture mechanics assessment of the practice and engineering components based on have uncertainies, whereas in the practice applications, the fracture mechanics always uses certainty quantity, and this makes the reliability of the engineering analysis method based on mechanics reduces much, and it brings errors and uncertainty factors naturally. Considering the random characters of the loads, material fracture toughness, defect sizes and other parameters. It will be more accuracy, if the reliability method to solve this question is applied. The Central Electronic Bureau of Great Britain (CEGB) rise the method of R6, whereafter, CEGB used the reference of the J integral failure assessment diagram of EPRI, and improved it to the third edition. The new edition can be applied not only in the field to judge whether the crack can start split or not, but also to analyze the whole process of the crack from the stable spreading to the unstable spreading of the crack, as well as EPRI method, and provide different engineering means. Reliability theory, combining with the CEGB R6 criterion, can provide a calculate mode based on Monte Carlo simulate method. This paper, via the analysis of the R6 criterion, rises a reliability analysis mode based on R6 criterion and provides the calculate way applying Monte Carlo simulate method. In this paper, all the common types of the pressure vessels and piping are considered, combined the Failure Assessment Diagram technique provides the calculate ways of the assessment point of each types.更多还原