【摘要】 为探讨盐效应对乙醇、丁醇稀溶液萃取的影响 ,根据盐效应理论 ,采用改善萃取环境的办法 ,以正辛醇为溶剂 ,实验测定其对乙醇、丁醇的萃取平衡分配比。实验表明 ,盐的加入可以使分配比明显提高 ,盐效应有利于乙醇、丁醇的萃取。添加低价盐 ,醇的分配比随盐浓度的增加呈直线上升趋势 ;添加高价盐 ,醇的分配比上升较快 ,但随盐浓度的进一步提高 ,其上升趋缓。描述盐效应影响的经验公式对实验数据关联良好更多还原

【Abstract】 Low molecular weight alcohols have both Lewis acid and Lewis base sites, and very strong hydrophilicities. Thus extraction from aqueous solutions with conventional solvents is comparatively difficult. This work studies solvent extraction of ethanol and butanol from aqueous solutions by adding salt. A series of extraction equilibrium experiments for ethanol and butanol was carried out using 1 octanol as solvent. The results showed that the salting out effect benefitted the extraction of ethanol and butanol and higher distribution ratios were obtained. The salts with higher electric charge metal ions have stronger salting out effect. Empirical formula are proposed for the salting out effect on the extraction of ethanol and butanol.更多还原