【摘要】 目的　 探讨白血病合并医院感染病原菌种及其耐药性的变迁规律。方法　 以 1988～ 1997年白血病患者的病史、细菌检验结果为资料 ;采用K B法对近 5年保存菌株进行药敏试验。结果　近 10年白血病患者医院感染革兰氏阴性菌所占的比例由 4 0 .3%下降至 2 8.6% ,革兰氏阳性菌则由 59.7%上升至 71.4 %。目前常见菌种有表葡菌 ( 2 4 .6% )、金葡菌 ( 2 3.1% )、肠球菌 ( 13.7% )、鲍曼不动杆菌 ( 7.6% )、铜绿假单胞菌 ( 6.9% )、阴沟肠杆菌 ( 5.0 % )。多数革兰氏阴性杆菌对头孢他啶、哌拉西林、阿米卡星、环内沙星等敏感。万古霉素对金葡菌等革兰氏阴性菌抗菌活性强大 ;金葡菌对复方新诺明 ,肠球菌对利福平也多呈敏感。结论　 白血病患者医院感染率、病原菌种及其药物敏感性均发生了显著变化更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the types of pathogenic bacteria causing hospital infections and the drug resistance of these bacteria in patients with leukemia.Methods According to the original case history and the results of bacterial test of inpatients with leukimia from 1988 to 1997,drug resistance tests of reserved pathogens were carried out through KB technique in recent 5 years.Results The infection rate caused by Gramnegative bacteria decreased from 40.3% to 28%,while the infection rate caused by Grampositive bacteria increased from 59.7% to 71.4% in the past 10 years.The most common pathogens were S.epidermidis (24.6%),S.Aurous (23.1%),enterococcus fecalis (13.7%),A.Anitratus (7.6%),Ps.aeruginose (6.9%),and E.colacea(5.0%).Most of the Gramnegative bacteria were sensitive to ceftazidime,piperacillin,amikacin and ciprofloxacine.Vancomycin was highly active against Grampositive pathogens,and some strains of S.aurueus and enterococcus fecalis were sensitive to sulphate and rifampin respectively.Conclusion The hospital infections,the types of pathogens and their drug resistance have changed significantly.更多还原