【摘要】 用二步法合成了季铵盐阳离子单体N ,N 二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵 (DMDAAC)。第一步 ,向反应瓶中加入 1mol二甲胺的水溶液 ,控制温度 40℃以下 ,滴加 1mol氯丙烯和 1molNaOH水溶液 (其质量分数为 40 % )。滴加完后再反应 2h,分取上层有机相 ;第二步 ,将有机相加入反应瓶中 ,同时加入适量的丙酮 ,控制温度在 30℃以下 ,滴加 1mol氯丙烯 ,反应 4h。过滤、洗涤、干燥得阳离子单体DMDAAC ,总转化率为 63%。以n(DMDAAC)∶n(丙烯酸胺 ) =1∶3在水溶液中共聚 ,合成了阳离子共聚物 [P(DMDAAC AM) ]。反应以分别占单体总质量的 0 5 %的过硫酸钾和亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂 ,反应温度 40℃ ,反应时间 6～ 8h。并利用IR、1HNMR对单体和共聚物进行了结构表征。更多还原

【Abstract】 The quaternary ammonium salt cationic monomer dimethyld ia llylammonium chloride (DMD C) was synthesized by two steps.Firstly,1 mole of aq ueous solution of dimethylamine was charged in a flask,1 mole of allyl chloride a nd 1 mole of 40% aqueous solution of caustic soda were added dropwise in such a way that both additions ended at the same time.The temperature was maintained be low 40 ℃.After additions the reaction was continued for 2 h.Then the upper laye r of organic phase was separated.Secondly,the organic phase obtained above was d issolved in an appropriate amount of acetone,then another 1 mole of allyl chlori d e was added while the temperature was maintained below 30 ℃ by cooling.After 4 h,the separated crystals was filtered,washed and dried.Thus the cationic monomer dimethyldiallylammonium chloride was obtained.The yield was 63% in general.The copolymer of DMD C and acrylamide(AM)(mole ratio=1∶3)was prepared in aqueous s olution with redox initiator.The reaction proceeded at 40 ℃ for 6～8 h.Stru ctures of the monomer and copolymer were characterized by IR and 1 HNMR.更多还原