【摘要】 根据黄潮土 18年肥料定位试验的系统资料 ,研究了不同施肥处理下的土壤钾素平衡、速效钾的变化以及钾肥的效应。结果表明 :1长期不施钾肥或仅施化学钾肥 ,土壤钾素始终亏缺 ,有机厩肥 -无机化肥配合施用 ,土壤钾素可达到平衡有余 ;2不施钾肥的 NP处理 ,第 1年土壤速效钾含量即达到“最低值”,连续施用钾肥的 NPK处理 ,10年后土壤速效钾含量趋于稳定 ;3土壤钾素呈亏缺状况下 ,土壤缓效钾含量与作物产量显著相关 ,且缓效钾是被作物吸收的主要钾源 ;4在全钾和缓效钾含量较高、速效钾含量低的黄潮土上 ,钾肥与氮、磷肥配施具有较好的增产效果 ,与有机厩肥配合施用则肥效下降更多还原

【Abstract】 Balance of soil K,changes of available K and effect of K fertilizer in different treatments (NP,NPK,MPK,MNPK)were studied according to the systematic data from long term stationary experiments in yellow fluvo aquic soil for 18 years.The results were showed as follows:①without K fertilizer or only application with chemical fertilizer K for a long time could cause K loss in soil,but with the combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers,balance and surplus of soil K could be maintained;②content of soil available K reached“the lowest value” in the first year of NP treatment,and soil available K content remained constantly after 10 years of NPK treatment;③under the condition of loss of soil K,slowly available K content correlated significantly with crop yield,and slowly available K was main source absorbed by crops;④in yellow fluvo aquic soils which had high content of total K and slowly available K and low content of available K,the application of K fertilizer in combination with N fertilizer and P fertilizer had significantly positive effect on crop yield while effects of K fertilizer would drop down applied in combination with organic manure.更多还原