【摘要】 有机化合物对土壤、地下水的污染已引起世界各国的普遍关注。地层介质中的有机物主要以自由态、挥发态、溶解态和固态 4种形态存在。有机污染物的自然降解能力较差 ,如不进行人工清除 ,在自然环境中它们可能存留长达几十年之久 ,对土壤、地下水资源构成长期的威胁。传统的开挖处理技术不仅费用昂贵 ,而且当贮油设施的地表被利用时则无法进行开挖处理 (如有建筑物等 )。近年来 ,以地下冲洗法、土壤抽水法和地下水曝气法为代表的有机污染物就地处置技术得到了迅速的发展。本文对这 3种技术进行概要的介绍 ,总结指出决定这些技术可能性的主要因素是地层介质的通透能力 ,有机物的挥发、溶解能力及其可生物降解能力 ,并列出目前的主要有机污染物挥发、溶解及生物降解能力的相对强弱作为制定具体处置技术的参考指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 organic compound contamination on soil and groundwater is causing more and more attention in the world. Organic contaminants exist in subsurface as free phase, vaporized phase, solution phase and solid phase. Because natural degradation of these contaminants is very slow, they can exist in natural environment for several decades without artificial removal, and threaten the soil and groundwater resources. Traditional excavation technique is not only expensive, moreover, it is often not possible in urban area due to the presence of buildings. Recently, in situ remediation technology represented by flushing, soil vapor extraction (SVE) and air sparging is being developed very quickly. These techniques are simply introduced in this paper and it was summarized that the controlling factors on application of in situ remediation technology are: permeability of soil, vaporizing ability, solubility and biological degradability of contaminants, which are generally given in this paper too for reference.更多还原