【摘要】 唐山市各县区长期种植水稻 ,逐渐表现出缺硅现象 :群体植株高度下降 ,茎叶变软 ,叶片披垂 ,易感病 ,籽粒空秕率高 ,导致产量降低。水稻田灌溉水有效硅含量 :沿海地区平均 1 2 92mg/kg ;内陆地区平均 2 37mg/kg。水稻田土壤有效硅含量 :沿海地区平均 74 57mg/kg ;内陆地区平均 59 63mg/kg。水稻田施用硅肥的最佳施肥量 :沿海地区施有效硅 1 2 1 5kg/hm2 ;内陆地区底施有效硅 1 61 6kg/hm2 。水稻田施硅增产的因子有 4个方面 :1、促进根系发育 ,增加白根数量 ,减少红、黑根数量 ,提高根系的吸收能力 ;2、提高植株有效分蘖和成穗率 ,减少养分消耗 ;3、增加植株高度 ,使茎叶健壮 ,提高抗病性 ;4、从产量结构分析 ,穗数、穗粒数、千粒重均增加 ,从而增高单位面积产量更多还原

【Abstract】 At every county of Tangshan city, the farmers have planted rice for many years, but a shortage of silicon in rice exists: the lowering of group plant height; the softening of stems and leaves; the drooping of blades; getting diseases easily; high rate of blighted grain and leading to a low output The effective silicon content of irrigating water used in rice field is: in the coastal area, the average content is 12 92 mg/kg; in the inland area, it is 2 37 mg/kg The effective silicon content of rice field soil is: in the coastal area, the average content is 74 57 mg/kg; in the inland area it is 59 63 mg/kg The best silicon fertilizer quantity used in the rice field is: in the coastal area, it is 121 5 kg/hm 2; in the inland area, it is 161 6 kg/hm 2 The factors of increasing rice output of applying silicon fertilizer in rice field are: 1 accelerating the growth of root system, increasing the quantity of the white roots, decreasing the quantity of red and black roots, improving the absorbing ability of root system; 2 raising plant effective branch division and the rate of ripe spikes, decreasing the assumption of nutrient; 3 increasing the plant height to make stems and leaves strong, improve the resistance to diseases; 4 analyzed from the output structure, the number of spikes, spike grains and the weight of a thousand seeds increased to raise the yield of unit area更多还原