【摘要】 ［目的］了解中国贫困农村 ２岁以下儿童母乳喂养及辅食添加现状。［方法］横断面入户问卷调查的方法。样本量 ２１ ０３６例。［结果］母乳喂养率 ９８．２２％，纯母乳喂养率 ２４．３５％；合理辅食添加率 ３２．２９％；每周动物蛋白的添加率 ７８． ４３％； ４个月内纯母乳喂养肺炎和腹泻的发生率是 １． ６９％和 ２４． ３７％，非纯母乳喂养时肺炎和腹泻的发生率是３．６３％和４０．８６％，差异有显著性。［结论］地区间差异明显；母乳喂养率高，纯母乳喂养率低；存在较大的辅食添加时间和方式问题；４个月内的纯母乳喂养能降低小儿肺炎和腹泻的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective] To learn the status of breast-feeding and complementary feeding of children aged under 2 years in 105 MCH cooperative project counties. [Methods] Cross sectional study by household questionnaire investigation. The sample size was 21 036. [Results] Breastfeeding rate in rural area of China was 98. 22 %; exclusive breastfeeding rate was 24. 35 %; the rate of timely complementary foods was 32. 29 % and weekly protein food intake rate was 78. 43%. [Conclusions] Feeding situation varied significantly in different areas. The breastfeeding rate was high, but that of exclusive breastfeeding was low. Exclusive breastfeeding for children under the age of 4 months could reduce incidence of pneumonia and diarrhea. Most women did not know the proper time of introduction and appropriate preparation methods of complementary foods.更多还原