【摘要】 对乌鲁木齐河源区高寒冰缘植被进行了调查和生态环境分析。研究了高寒冰缘植物对寒区环境在形态结构和繁殖方式等方面的适应特征及其生态对策。在该区域垂直带谱中，植被包括了两个垂直带：高山草甸和高山垫状植被。主要植物群系有：苔草群系、嵩草群系、早熟禾群系、四蕊山莓草群系、高山红景天群系、簇生柔籽草群系、珠芽蓼群系等７ 个，共包括２７ 类植物群落（群丛）。此外，在高山流石堆上具有处于演替早期阶段的高山植物群聚。决定该区植物群落类型和空间分布的主要生态因子是热量（温度、海拔）和有效水分。这些植物类群和植物群落在改善土壤、气候条件、涵养水源和维持生态平衡等方面有着重要作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The altifrigetic subnival vegetation and eco environmental conditions at the source area of Urmuqi river were investigated,the adaptive properties and ecological countermeasures of subnival plants in morphology and structure and reproductive ways were analyzed and discussed.The result showed that the subnival vegetation at this zone was classified two types:altifrigetic meadow and altifrigetic cushion vegetation.Main vegetation formation are Form. Carex sp.,Form. Kobresia sp.,Form. Poa sp.,Form. Sibbaldia tetrandra ,Form. Rhodiola coccinea ,Form. Thylacospermum caespitosum and Form. Polygonum viviparum .They include 27 colonies of plants.Moreover,there are some groups of subnival plants which are in the stage of succession.The ecological factors which decided the space time distribution and the characteristics of plant communities are heat (temperature or/and altitude) and water available.The vegetation at this zone plays important roles in improving the condition of soil and climate,conserving water and maintaining ecological balance.更多还原