【摘要】 20世纪 6 0年代在美国的全民环境保护意识的产生中 ,有多种因素发挥了重要作用。首先 ,19世纪中后期在美国兴起的自然资源保护运动开创了政府管理和控制资源的先例 ,对日后促进民众环境意识的觉醒产生了重要影响 ,成为环境保护运动的前奏 ;其次 ,2 0世纪三四十年代美国早期生态学者利奥波德以生态学为基础创立的土地伦理思想为 6 0年代美国环境保护意识的产生奠定了思想基础 ;最后 ,到 2 0世纪 6 0年代 ,美国经济高速发展 ,民权运动不断高涨 ,社会动荡不安 ,各种社会思潮流行 ,环境污染日益严重等一系列因素促使环境保护意识最终形成和普及更多还原

【Abstract】 The environmental protection movement, which took place in America in1960s, promoted the rise and development of worldwide environmental movement. Through analyzing the process in which Americans’ consciousness of environmental protection came into being in1960s, the thesis explains that there are various factors leading to the formation of environmental consciousness. First, American “Conservation movement", which occurred and developed in the late nineteenth century, created the precedent of federal government’s management and control over natural resources, and became the prelude to environmental movement in 1960s. Moreover, the theory of the Land Ethic, proposed by Aldo Leopold who was one of the earliest ecologists in America in 1930s and 40s, was based on ecology and ideologically paved the way for the environmental movement in 1960s. Finally, the economic growth, social disturbance and environmental pollution in America in1960s resulted in the ultimate formation of national consciousness of environmental protection.更多还原