【摘要】 普通小麦（ＴｒｉｔｉｃｕｍａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍＬ．２ｎ＝４２）“济南１７７”与紫外线照射的高冰草（长穗偃麦草Ａｇｒｏｐｙｒｏｎｅｌｏｎｇａｔｕｍ，２ｎ＝７０）原生质体在ＰＥＧ诱导下融合，获杂种再生植株。取杂种子房诱导产生愈伤组织并再生植株，经染色体和同工酶鉴定，它们仍保留杂种性质。其中两株移栽成活并结实，杂种性质也经表型、染色体、同工酶和ＲＡＰＤ分析得到证明。在Ｆ０和Ｆ１代植株根尖细胞中，均发现高频率地存在着染色体断片；从Ｆ２代花粉母细胞减数分裂的染色体数目及行为发现，杂种细胞染色体数目主要分布在１８Ⅱ～２２Ⅱ，染色体断片发生配对及分离，表明它们是小染色体（ｍｉｎｉｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅｓ）。Ｆ１及Ｆ２代植株比亲本小麦（“济南１７７”）秆茎粗硬、生长健壮，穗大粒大，已经产生具有优良性状的Ｆ２代穗系更多还原

【Abstract】 Hybrid plants were obtained from protoplast fusion between Triticum aestivum L. (2n=42) and Agropyron elongatum (2n=70) via PEG method, but they did not produce seeds. The ovaries of hybrid plants were used to induce hybrid calli again from which was followed by plant regeneration. The hybrid characteristics of the calli and plants were determined by chromosome counting and analysis of esterase isozyme. The results revealed that both of them still retained the hybrid nature. Two of these hybrid plants survived and produced seeds after they were transported into soil. The analysis of phenotype, chromosome, isozyme and RAPD of F 1 plants again proved their hybridity thus indicating that fertile hybrid plants were produced. Chromosome fragments appeared in the root cells of F 1 and F 2 plants. The analysis of PMCs of F 2 plants revealed that the range of chromosomal number were 18Ⅱ～22Ⅱ and pairing or segregating chromosomal fragments were observed, confirming that the chromosomal fragments were minichromosomes. The hybrid F 1 and F 2 plants grew vigorously, the stalks were strong, the ears and grains were bigger than parent wheat (“Jinan 177”). Now a lot of F 2 spike lines are growing and further analysis will be underway.更多还原