【摘要】 在硬粒小麦－簇毛麦双二倍体（ＴＨ３）／４×Ｗａｎ７１０７ 的幼胚培养及花药培养后代中选育出普通小麦－簇毛麦抗白粉病易位系Ｐｍ ９７０３３ 等。利用白粉病抗性鉴定、细胞遗传学分析、生化标记、分子原位杂交等手段，鉴定出该材料为６ＤＬ／６ＶＳ臂间易位系。其根尖细胞染色体数为４２，花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体构型为２１Ⅱ。它与农艺亲本Ｗａｎ７１０７ 及６Ｄ／６Ｖ 异代换系９６Ｎ６２１－３－７－３ 测交Ｆ１ 的ＰＭＣｓＭⅠ染色体构型均为２１Ⅱ，频率分别为９２．５％ 和７９．４％ 。与中国春６Ａ、６Ｂ、６Ｄ 重双端体测交Ｆ１ 的ＰＭＣｓＭⅠ染色体构型分别为２１Ⅱ＋ １ 个异型二价体（ｔⅠｔ），２１Ⅱ＋ １ 个异型二价体（ｔⅠｔ）及２０Ⅱ＋ １ 个异型二价体（Ⅰｔ）＋ １ 个端体（ｔ），出现频率分别为８９．４％ 、８５．４％ 和９４．３％ 。生化分析结果表明，它缺失簇毛麦６ＶＬ上的谷草转氨酶ＧＯＴ－Ｖ２ 位点，而具有６ＶＳ上的醇溶蛋白Ｇｌｉ－Ｖ２ 位点。分子原位杂交结果表明， Ｐｍ ９７０３３、Ｐｍ ９７０３４和Ｐｍ ９７０３５ 均为纯合的臂间易位系。易位系及其测交Ｆ１ 均对白粉病表现免疫更多还原

【Abstract】 Wheat H. villosa 6DL/6VS translocation lines, Pm97033, Pm97034 and Pm97035 developed by(TH3/4×Wan7107)F 1 young embryo and anther culture, were evaluated by powdery mildew resistance test, cytogenetic analysis, biochemical analysis, and in situ hybridization.Pm97033 and its hybrids crossing with susceptible cultivar Wan7107, 6D/6V substitution line and Chinese Spring(C S)6A, 6B and 6D double ditelocentric lines(DDT)were all immune to powdery mildew through all growth period. It was with the somatic chromosome number of 42 and twenty one bivalents at MⅠ in pollen mother cells(PMCs MⅠ). The configurations at PMCs MⅠ in hybrids F 1 of Pm97033 with either susceptible cultivar or 6D/6V substitution line were 21 bivalents . In hybrids F 1 between pm97033 and C S 6A, 6B DDT, twenty bivalents and one allo trivalent(tⅠt)composing of one univalent and two telocentric chromosomes were observed at PMCs MⅠ. The configuration between Pm97033 and C S 6D DDT was twenty bivalents, one allo bivalent(Ⅰt)and one telocentric chromosome. The results of cytogenetic analysis showed that Pm97033 was a translocation line , and the translocation was related to chromosome 6D. The results of in situ hybridization between probe labeled with biotin of H. villosa total DNA and the chromosomes showed that the three lines were all Robertsonian translocation lines. Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase(GOT)isozyme analysis showed that translocation lines expressed the same pattern with C S, and without the specific band of 6VL of H. villas compared with substitution line and addition line. In α zone of gliadin 2 pattern, all lines resistant to powdery mildew expressed an identical specific band encoded by the gene located on 6VS of H. villosa. All the cytogenetic and biochemical analysis confirmed that Pm97033, etc. were 6DL/6VS translocation lines with the substitution of 6VS for 6DS.更多还原