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肺炎链球菌对青霉素耐药率的调查
A surveillance study on penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in China
【摘要】 目的调查了解北京地区肺炎链球菌对青霉素及其他12种抗生素的耐药情况。方法对北京儿童医院及北京医科大学第一医院儿科6个月至3岁的门诊及入院首日患儿进行咽拭子标本采集,并迅速接种于平皿中过夜孵育,分离鉴定肺炎链球菌并选用苯唑西林、氯霉素、四环素、头孢曲松及红霉素纸片作药敏试验,用琼脂扩散法作最小抑菌浓度(MIC)试验。结果989个咽拭子标本中共分离出51株肺炎链球菌,经用苯唑西林纸片初步筛选、青霉素GMIC确定,共有2株肺炎链球菌对青霉素高度耐药,MIC分别为2、4mg/L。对头孢曲松和头孢噻肟的耐药率分别为4%及0;其他10种抗生素耐药率分别为:哌拉西林26%、氨苄西林12%、呋苄西林14%、头孢呋辛6%、红霉素54%、罗红霉素52%、克拉霉素52%、麦白霉素64%、氯霉素32%、四环素100%。结论耐青霉素的肺炎链球菌在我国同样存在,耐药率较低,但交叉耐药现象十分严重
【Abstract】 Objectives To find out if there are penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and the resistance rate in China. Methods 989 pediatric patients with respiratory tract infections aged from 6 months to 3 years from two pediatric units were enrolled. Perthroat swabs were immediately streaked onto blood agar plates and incubated overnight. Pneumococci were identified and isolated. Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed by the disk diffusion method and MIC determination according to Protocol and NCCLS. Results Of the 51 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, 5 strains had zones ≥20mm. Two of the 5 strains had penicillin MICs ≥0.1mg/L (2 and 4mg/L) and considered to be fully resistant to penicillin(4%). The resistance rate to ceftriaxone and cefotaxime was 0 and 4% respectively. For the other 10 antimicrobial agents, the resistance rates were as follows: ampicillin 12%, piperacillin 26%, furbenicillin 14%, cefuroxime 6%, erythromycin 54%, clarithromycin 52%, meleumycin 64%, roxithromycin 52%, chloramphenicol 32%, and tetracycline 100%.Conclusions The study suggested that penicillin resistant Streptococcus Pneumoniae strains also exist, and the cross resistance is a significant phenomenon in China.
【Key words】 Streptococcus pneumomiae Antibiotics Drug resistance; microbial;
- 【文献出处】 中华医学杂志 ,NATIONAL MEDICAL JOURNAL OF CHINA , 编辑部邮箱 ,1999年01期
- 【分类号】R378.12
- 【被引频次】21
- 【下载频次】139