【摘要】 目的　寻求理想的输尿管替代材料。　方法　将２０ 只兔双侧输尿管脱细胞处理后制成输尿管细胞外基质（ＥＣＭ） ；另６０ 只兔分为３ 组：输尿管ＥＣＭ 移植组（ 实验组） ，对照组１ 及对照组２ 。　结果　实验组术后组织学检查显示１ 周时ＥＣＭ 边缘部腔内面已见移行上皮细胞，管壁有肌细胞长入。６ 周时取材ＥＣＭ 区已修复近正常输尿管组织结构。１２ 、２４ 周时ＩＶＵ 检查；输尿管显影良好，通畅。对照组１ 术后７ ～１０ 天，移植的异体输尿管均坏死。对照组２ 输尿管缺损区６ 周时均被纤维包裹而明显增粗。在实验取得满意结果的基础上成功应用于临床。　结论　异体脱细胞输尿管细胞外基质为理想的输尿管替代材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To experiment the possibility of allodecellular extracellular matrix for the replacement of ureter. Methods Extracellular matrix was obtained from the ureters of 20 rabbits by decellularization process.60 experimental rabbits were used and a 4cm segment of left ureter was resected in each.In the experimental group of 20 rabbits,the resected ureter was replaced by the allo ureter ECM.In the first control group of 20 rabbits the resected ureter was replaced by allograft transplantation of untreated ureter.In the second control group of rabbits the resected ureter site was left untreated for autoregeneration.The neoureter segment was studied with electron microscopy and immunohistochemical procedures. Results In the experimental animals,transitional epithelial cells and monocytes could be seen in the ECM area and fully filled up the area after 3 weeks.No stenosis and hydronephrosis were observed on IVU 24 weeks after replacement of the resected ureter.The histological structure was not much different from a normal ureter.In the first control group with allograft transplantation,rejection and necrosis occurred 7～10 days after the transplantation.In the second conrol group of autoregeneration the studied area was embeded with fibrosis tissue.On the basis of the experiment,ureter ECM has been successfully used in clinical practice. Conclusions Alloureter ECM might be an ideal replacement material for ureter.更多还原