【摘要】 目的分析引起绝经后阴道出血的病因及诊断方法。方法对３８０例绝经后阴道出血患者进行临床及病理分析。结果因良性疾患引起的出血占５３４２％，非器质性疾病占２６８４％，恶性肿瘤占１９７４％。子宫内膜病理检查显示破碎宫内膜和经期宫内膜４０例，增生反应４８例，萎缩宫内膜６例及分泌反应８例，因宫内膜及宫颈上皮非典型增生引起的出血２４例（６３２％）。恶性肿瘤以宫颈癌和宫体癌为主。患者出血时年龄大（＞５８岁）、绝经年限长（＞１０年）及子宫增大、宫腔深（＞８ｃｍ）、恶性肿瘤发生率高。结论对绝经后阴道出血患者的诊断应注重常规的妇科检查和必要的辅助检查以明确病因。早期治疗可以阻止肿瘤的发生更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the cause of postmenopausal bleeding and the methods of diagnosis.Methods The clinicopathologic characteristics were analyzed in 380 cases of postmenopausal bleeding(PMB).Results The benign cases of PMB ranked the first amounting to 53 42%,nonorganic causes 26 84%,and malignant causes 19 74%.Histopathological examination revealed crushed endometrium and menoendometrium in 40 cases,proliferative endometrium in 48 cases,atrophic endometrium in 6 cases,secretory endomctrium in 8 cases,and atypical hyperplasia of cervical epithelium and endometrium in 24 cases(6.32%).Endometrial(40%)and cervical(52%)cancers were common among the malignant cases.Clinically,the patients,who were in their advanced age(>58 years)long after menopuse(>10 years),having enlarged uterus,deep uterine cavity(>8cm),had a higher risk of to malignant tumors.Conclusions Routine gynecologic and necessary ancillary examinations should be paid more attention in PMB diagnosis,and early treatment might prevent the development of malignant tumors. \ \更多还原