【摘要】 湘西上震旦统、下寒武统黑色岩系主要由富碳硅质页岩、石煤、硅质页岩、硅质岩、磷块岩和重晶石岩等组成。有机质属于腐泥型， 无形态组分是黑色岩系的主要显微组分类型， 微粒体、细粒状体呈密集状组成岩石的基质。有形态组分总体含量较低， 多为藻类体， 零星分布于基质中， 表明一方面有机质受热演化程度较高， 另一方面表明有机质来源于浅水台地边缘。湘西黑色岩系中有机质主要来源于藻、菌类生物， 台缘斜坡带是有机质聚集的有利场所， 缺氧环境 （事件） 主要起因于藻类的大量发育与有机质降解的耗氧过程， 为有机质得以保存、转化提供了必要条件。更多还原

【Abstract】 The research of organic matter source and the environment is very important to the study on the biologic and organic ore forming process, and also to the exploration of the oil gas and metal deposits The black shale series of the west Hunan are mainly consist of carbonate shale,coal stone,siliceous shale,silicate,phosphate,and barite The organic matter are the kinds of the sapropel,and the amorphous macerals are dominant in the black shale series,and are the matrix of the structural macerals with the micrinite and fine grained macerals The structural macerals are very low,and are mainly of the algaite distributed in the matrix scatterly,which show that the results of the high thermo mature and the organic matter are from the shallow shelf The results of the maceral analysis show that the organic matter is algae and fungal The shelf zone is the best environment for the organic matter accumulation The anoxic environment is the vital factors for the organic to preserve and transverse Finally,the author concluded that the black shales are controlled by the two aspects of the abundant source of organic matter from algae and fungi and the preserving and transversing conditions of the organic matter in the anoxic environment更多还原