【摘要】 目的　研究镉对豚鼠肾上腺皮质细胞形态与功能影响的毒作用特点及可能的机制。方法选用健康雄性豚鼠以４５ μｇ／ｋｇ 和９０ μｇ／ｋｇ 氯化镉腹腔注射染毒，测定血皮质醇、醛固酮及促肾上腺皮质激素（ＡＣＴＨ，放免法） 、血清胆固醇（ 酶联法） 、血和组织镉含量（ 原子吸收法） 和一氧化氮（ 硝酸还原酶法） 。结果　两个染镉组豚鼠血及肾上腺镉含量增加，ＡＣＴＨ 降低，呈剂量效应关系，高剂量组皮质醇略呈增高，其余波动在正常范围。肾上腺组织ＮＯ 水平降低，亦呈剂量依赖方式。结论　镉直接作用于垂体的同时可能引发肾上腺皮质应激反应，且肾上腺皮质ＮＯ 合成减低，提示其在镉肾上腺皮质毒性过程可能发挥重要作用更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the toxic effect and possible mechanism of cadmium chloride (CdCl 2) on adrenal cortex. Methods Cadmium chloride (CdCl 2) was given intraperitoneal injection to adult male guinea pigs in doses of 45 μg/kg and 90 μg/kg for 14 days, respectively. The control group was with the same volume of normal saline in the same manner. Each exposure time was arranged in the 8:00～9:00 Am everyday. The levels of cortisol, aldosterone and ACTH were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Serum cholesterol was with chemical colorimetry, whereas cadmium levels in blood and adrenal gland were with ASS. The nitric oxide was measured with the kits of Nanjing Jiancheng Biotech Institution. Results The cadmium levels in blood and adrenal cortex increased after guinea pigs were administrated with CdCl 2 . ACTH appeared to be decreased in dose effect relationship. The cortisol level showed a slightly increasing when exposed in 90 μg/kg for 14 days. The concentration of nitric oxide in adrenal cortex was declined in dose dependent manner. Conclusion It was suggested that cadmium chloride might induce not only direct effects on the pituitary gland but also stress response in the adrenal cortex. Furthermore, the declining nitric oxide level of the adrenal gland suggested NO might play a role in the toxic mechanism of adrenal gland induced by cadmium.更多还原