【摘要】 语言不仅是一种结构，而且是一种行为。为了解人们在说话时实际做了什么事或达到了什么目的，需要首先对言语行为进行分类。本文针对奥斯丁的“动词分析法”、西尔的“意图分析法”和里奇的“语义分析法”进行比较分析，提出言语行为应划分为“陈述性”、“指承性”、“疑问性”、“表情性”、“宣告性”等五大类别，并相应设计出既从语义层面上进行解释，又在形式上“看得见摸得着”的新的语义表现式更多还原

【Abstract】 Abstract Language is not only a structure,but is also performative.In order to gain a theoretical insight into what is done or is to be done when people speak, it is necessary first to classify speech acts into certain categories. On the basis of a comparative study on austin’s “verb analysis”,Searle’s 5 category taxonomy of speech acts in terms of “assertive”,“desiderative”,“rogative”,“expressive” and “declarative”;and from this,the thesis goes on to design a new formular of semantic representation for the new taxonomy,which is no less explanatory but more expressive than Searle’s and Leech’s combined together.更多还原